Think about it!l Application Questions related to Diffusion Rates Drugs \'R Us h

Question

Think about it!l Application Questions related to Diffusion Rates Drugs 'R Us has developed 2 new analgesic (pain killing) drugs. Both are administered trans-dermally, via a sk patch. (The patch in this system works like a semi-permeable membrane, as does your skin. Therefore these drugs can diffuse easily through the membrane and skin and eventually enter your blood stream.) 1) The two new drugs share the same mechanism of action but they have different molecular weights. Pain Away has a molecular weight of so0 g/M, Relief X has an MW of 250 g/M. Which drug would you chose to take for the quickest relief of your pain? Why? the dose (grams of drug/Kilogram of body weight; this equates to concentration) of either 2) If you increase drug on the patch will the time it takes the drug to enter your blood stream increase or decrease? Why? 3) Assuming the same concentration of drug is placed on each patch, would you choose a 1 inch square or 4 inch square patch if you wanted fast relief? Why? 4) It is a hot summer day and you are very thirsty. You want to make some ice tea fast. Which method would provide the tea faster? Explain. Making Sun tea: Sun tea is made by placing the tea bag in a container and sitting the container in a sunny spot or steeping your tea bag in boiling water, then stirring in cold water and ice to cool down the mixture. .

Explanation / Answer

1. We should choose relief X drug comparatively

Reason:- as the patch acts like a semipermeable membrane.The diffusion of drug would be according to the molar concentration gradient

Molar concentration gradient =Number of moles of drug/volume of solution

Number of moles =dose of drug given/ molecular weight

That is concentration is inversaly proptional to the molecular weight of the drug.the drug with lower molecular weight have higher concentration gradient hence there will be faster diffusion and thus would give faster relief so we would choose drug relief x

Ans 2:-- If we increase the dose the concentration gradient(difference of concentration of any substance between two medium like here the blood and the patch)will increase and there will be more faster diffusion so time will decrease

Ans 3:--i will choose four square inch patch because more the surface area more will be absorption and diffusion of drug.

Ans 4. I will choose the second method

Steeping your tea bag in boiling water will rapidly mix the tea and water because more the temperature difference more faster is the diffusion hence the mixing. then stirring in cold water and ice to cool down the mixure

Keeping the tea bag in sunny spot will take longer time because of lower temperature than boiling water and hence slower diffusion

Ans 5:-- soft drink should have less solute in it.The reason is osmosis.in our cellular membrane there is diffusion of water from high water potential to low water potential or in other words from low solute potential to high solute potential.this is called osmosis. soft drink should have less solute so that it would have more solvent that is water sothat osmosis could occur from ouside the cell to inside the cell.

Ans6:--The Fluids injected to correct cerebral edema are hypertonic fluids.they have high solute concentration or potential. The fluid from interstitium diffuse from there into blood in which these hypertonic fluids are injected and thus the fluid in the cerebral interstitium decreases and the edema gets relieved

Examples of hypertonic fluids are Mannitol and Glycerol etc

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