Explain the body’s response to cold exposure and a decrease in core body tempera

Question

Explain the body’s response to cold exposure and a decrease in core body temperature. What is nonshivering thermogenesis, and where in the body does this process occur? (Contrast the role of the mitochondrion in this process to its role in glucose metabolism.) Explain the body’s response to heat exposure and an increase in core body temperature. In the context of the thermoregulation system, explain what pyrogens are and how a “fever” occurs. What is heat exhaustion? heat stroke? What is hypothermia? What is hyperthermia?

Explanation / Answer

Human body tends to regulate body temperature at 98 °F and when body is in colder envuenviron then the body response via-

1. Reducing blood flow-

Vessels in body strt to constrict and it causes resistance to blood flow decreasing the flow.

2. Reducing energy expenditure -

For maintaining the body temperature constant energy expenditure is decreased.

Non shivering thermogenesis is the cold induced generation of heat in a animal or human body. Mitochondria is also called power house of energy and produce ATP from the ETC and form energy rich ATP molecules.

When core body temperature increases then regulatory centres activate and try to decrease the temp. Blood flow increases by vasodilation and also. Sweat secreation is increased. Pyrogen are the substance which induces the fever when infection occur Heat exausting is results of over heating of body and may result heat stroke syndrome.

Hypothermia is a condition in which body loose heat fastly then the rate of generation. And hyperthermia is a condition in which body produce fastly energy then rate of loss.

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