HEMATOLOGY LAB FOR PHYSIOLOGY PROBLEM Alicia and Tanya are in their early twenti
ID: 3510255 • Letter: H
Question
HEMATOLOGY LAB FOR PHYSIOLOGY PROBLEM
Alicia and Tanya are in their early twenties, weighing at 60 kg, and have similar physical conditions. After jogging for an hour around Lake Merced, Alicia had suffered from severe dehydration, accompanied by heavy sweating. She was brought into the emergency at General Hospital. She was given a proper volume of isotonic saline solution to drink. One hour after, a phlebotomist took blood sample to run test in the lab. Alicia suddenly vomited blood afterwards. No blood transfusion or saline solution was administered in twenty-four hours following a significant loss of blood through vomiting.
a) State the predicted results of Alicia's hematocrit, hemoglobin determination, and RBC count, and compare it to someone at rest and euhydrated. State whether there was an Increase, Decrease, or No Change (Normal) compared at a normal euhydrated state:
1. Due to severe dehydration, sweating, and exercise, what happens to the hematocrit, hemoglobin, and RBC count? explain why
2. Immediately after vomiting blood (one hour after drinking isotonic solution), what happens to the hematocrit, hemoglobin, and RBC count? explain why
3. 24 hours after vomiting blood, what happens to the hematocrit, hemoglobin, and RBC count? explain why
4. After ten days, what happens to her hematocrit, hemoglobin, and RBC count? explain why
Explanation / Answer
Sweat is an example of a hypotonic fluid volume loss results in increased plasma osmolality. The increased osmolality causes an osmotic movement of water from the cellular space into the extracellular space. Consequently, there is increase in extracellular fluid osmolarity.
a) Alicia's hematocrit will be around 55-60% (higher side) and hemoglobin will be aroung 15-16 gm% (higher side) . RBC count it will show Polycythemia (Count may be more than 5.03 million per mcL)
1. Due to severe dehydrationcaused by excessive sweating, hematocrit, hemoglobin and RBC count are shifted to their higher side. All these values are increased because fluid volume depletion results in increased plasma osmolality leads to osmotic movement of water from the cellular space into the extracellular space. The loss of water from the cell space also causes the cells to shrink and increases the concentration of many cellular and acellular components.
2. One hour after drinking isotonic solution, there is fall in hematocrit, hemoglobin and RBC count bacause the extracellular fluid volume is restored but hematocrit, hemoglobin and RBC count are still not in normal range.
3. 24 hour after vomiting blood, there will be further fall in hematocrit, hemoglobin and RBC count and will be very near to their normal range.
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