Emily is a senior college student. In her biology lab one day, she is asked to h

Question

Emily is a senior college student. In her biology lab one day, she is asked to have one very slight drop of blood drawn from fingertip to demonstrate how to measure blood glucose with a glucometer. Following a short fainting epidsode and hero-like medical attention displayed by the professor in charge(very strong, brave, and kind of her!), it is determined that Emily`s fasting is 173pg/dI.

a.) what should his plasma glucose range be if sh was healthy? , b.) would one expect to find glucose in her urine(assuming he woud not faint if asked to give a urine sample? Why or why not?, c.)we later find that her insulin activity is normal and her thyroid hormone levels are normal. what esle could be responsible for her hyperglysemia ? explain. what sorts of questions might we ask her to potentially rule out(or in) other complications? , d.) we also find that her cortisol level are well above normal.What could be responsible for this elevated level? Could elevated cortisol be a reason for the hyperglycemia? why or why not? e.) we test her plasma for ACTH levels and find them to be actuallyy a bit low. Why is her cortisol level high?explain

Explanation / Answer

a) normal fasting blood glucose is 80 to 100 mg/ dl

b) Urine has a glucose threshold from 160-180mg/dl. When glucose exceeds this level, it starts appearing in blood and the condition is called glycosuria. In the abive case traces of glucose can be found in urine.

c) hyperglycemia can be caused by one of the following conditions:

?d) elevated cortisol level indicates towards cushings syndrome. Cushing syndrome is caused due ti prolonged high levels of cortisol. Cushing can be caused due to tumour of adrenal gland, pituitary gland or other diseases like small cell lung carcinoma . Hyperglycemia is one of the complications of cushing.

e) ACTH levels usually decrease in extrapituitary cushing syndrome like small cell lung carcinoma. Increased cortisol level in adrenal gland gives negative feedback to pituitary resulting in low level of ACTH

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