Bees like sugar water. They can be trained to respond to a specific floral odor
ID: 3514579 • Letter: B
Question
Bees like sugar water. They can be trained to respond to a specific floral odor by sticking their tongues out (the proboscis extension response or PER test) if you give them sugar water at the same time as the odor. You train a set of bees to respond to the scent of anise by providing sugar water whenever the anise odor is presented. After several trials, the bees stick out their tongues whenever they smell anise. In this example, the anise odor is functioning as what kind of stimulus? A. Operant stimulus O B. Conditioned stimulus OC. Sensitization stimulus 0 D. Unconditioned stimulusExplanation / Answer
The anise odor is a
B.conditioned stimulus.
In this case, the affinity of bees to sugar water is a natural response. But associating the response with the odor of anise is conditioning the bees to respond similarly to anise as they would to the sugar water.
Honest signals are those which benefit the signalling animal and improve the response of the receiver.
Dishonest signals also benefit the signaller but by cheating at the cost of the receiving animal.
Following are honest signals :
a.A deer shows a wolf its white tail to indicate it has been spotted and bounds away with no wolf following
d.Females of the jewel wasp emit scent that males follow to locate and mate
e.Male balloon fly presents female with balloon and lets her decide whether to mate with him
Options b and c are dishonest signals because they involve manipulating the receiver .
In the experiment to assess exploratory behaviour , the correct option :
The measure says parents and offspring are similar in exploratory behaviour but 0.4 is not assessment of heritability.
The variation in behaviour is phenotypic which means environmental factors influence the role of exploratory behaviour modifications. Since complete genotypic effect should imply 100% similarity in a hypothetically perfect ecosystem between parent and offspring leading to no evolution that is not correct .
An indirect benefits hypothesis implies choosing a mate for long term genetic benefits and not for short term gifts .
The correct option is:
B.His attractiveness as an indicator of genetic quality for offspring
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