4. List the five basic steps of a reflex. amival of a stimulus and activahon of

Question

4. List the five basic steps of a reflex. amival of a stimulus and activahon of a recptor activ houninfo procassing achvaton of a motor nouurn an effecID D. Analysis and Application 1. Starting in the spinal cord, trace a motor pathway to the adductor muscles of the thigh. Include the spinal cord root, spinal nerve, nerve plexus, and specific peripheral nerve involved in the pathway. 2. Compare the types of neurons that synapse in the posterior, lateral, and anterior gray horns of the spinal cord. E. Clinical Challenge 1. How can an injury to a peripheral nerve cause loss of both sensory and motor functions lnnn the strerch refley cause the quadriceps femoris muscle group to contract

Explanation / Answer

*Peripheral nerve injuries :

Peripheral nerves are fragile and can be easily damaged. When this occurs, it can interfere with the brain’s ability to communicate with the muscles and organs, and may result in loss of motor function, sensory function, or both. Damage to your peripheral nerves can also result in peripheral neuropathy, which is a general term for malfunctioning of these nerves.

Peripheral nerve injuries can be the result of diseases like diabetic nerve problems, can arise through infections like Guillain-Barré syndrome, from nerve compression such as carpal tunnel syndrome or from an injury like brachial plexus injury. Some people may also be born with peripheral nerve disorders. It’s important to get medical care for a peripheral nerve injury quickly, as these nerve tissues are usually able to be repaired.

Symptoms often start gradually and then get worse, and include numbness, tingling/burning, pain, muscle weakness and sensitivity to touch in the arms, legs, shoulders or hands

* Posterior horn of spinal cord consists of sensory neurons, lateral horn of spinal cord, having well-defined thoracic segments, consist of visceral neurons and anterior horn of spinal cord consists of motor neurons. Sensory neurons are those which receive information from sense organs, and then transmit it to visceral neurons, which act as intermediate neurons. From these neurons, the signals are relayed to motor neurons, which then pass the signal to motor cells to perform the relevant action as a response to the stimuli sensed

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