448 Chapter Twenty-One The Cardiovascular System: The Heart Exercise 21.5: The C
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448 Chapter Twenty-One The Cardiovascular System: The Heart Exercise 21.5: The Coronary Clirculation 13. The enterior interventricular artery branches from the 14. The coronary sinus is loceted on the Exercise 21.G: Superficial Structures of the Sheep Heart 15. The right ventricle is visible in an anterior view of the sheep heart 16. The onghVleft) coronary artery. lanteriorposterior) surface of the heart (True/Faisej parietail/viscerai layer of the serous pericardium is tighty adhered to the heart, whereas the parietal/visceral) loyer of the serous pericard um is ightly adhored to the fibrous pericardium. 17. When viewing the anterior surface of the sheep heart the 18. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary Exercise 217: Coronal Section of the Sheep Heart 19. A coronal section of the sheep heart reveis thet the left ventricular wall is significantly aortapulmonarytrunio is located most anteriorty. arteries/vens) thickenthinner) than the right ventricular wal 20. The systemic circult has moreless) resistance than the puimonery circuit. Therefore, the left ventricle contracts greaterlesser force than the right venticde. 21. Tendinous cords in the sheep heart tether the cusps of (etrioventricular/seriluna) valves to prevent the backflow of blood. Exercise 21.8 Transverse Section of the Sheep Heart 22. When viewing atransverse section of the sheep heat, the right ventricular wall is thicker/thinner) than the left ventricular wall. 23. The right and left ventricies pump different volumes of blood due to the difference in ventricular wal thickness(ThueFse) Can You Apply What You've Learned? 24. Deine mediastinum: 25. The sieple squamous epithelum thet lines the heart and blood vessels is called 26. A heart surgeon is about to perform a heart transplant. She has alreedy cut through the sternum and entered the thoracic cavby and mediastinum The heart, however, remains enclosed in the pericardial sac. The tissues the surgeon must cut through,from superficial to deep, to enter the pericardial cavity are these 27. Will the surgeon need to cut through the visceral layer of serous pericardium to remove the heart trem the pericardial sac? Why or why not? 28. Figure 2130 on page 439 demonstrates a myocardial infarction in the Intervetricuar septurn and posterier wal of a human heart This inferct occurred because one of the erteries to the heurt wall was blocked and the tissue was starved of axygen Which artory was the most likely source of the blockage? Hint: Think about the areas of the heart wall served by each vessel. Use table 21.3 as a guide if necessary) 29. Describe how papillery muscies and sendinous conds (chordae tendinese) function to keep the AV valives closed when the ventricles contractExplanation / Answer
Answer 13. Left coronary artery
Answer 14. Anterior. It is a collection of veins to form a large blood vessel that collects blood from the heart.
Answer 15. True. It will be visible.
Answer 16. Visceral, this term itself means outer side
Parietal is the inner side
Answer 17. Aorta. It is present at the top.
Answer 18. Pulmonary veins
Answer 19. Thicker because it has to transport blood to the whole body
Answer 20. More, greater the reason is same as above answer.
Answer 21. Semilunar valves. Tendrous cords are associated with mitral and tricuspid valves.
Answer 22. Thinner because it has to pump to the nearby lungs only.
Answer 23. True because of varied thickness they have different amount of pressure in them
Answer 24. It's a membranous partition between 2 cavities or 2 internal organs. It is present between lungs.
Answer 25. Endothelium
Answer 26. Serous and the fibrous tissues that line the pericardial cavity.
Answer 27. Yes, the surgeon needs to cut it because its the outermost layer of the pericardium. Thus, to reach heart it has to be cut.
Answer 28. Myocardial infarction is basically caused due to the blockage in one or more coronary artery due to the deposition of plague or cholestrol (low density lipoproteins) inside them.
Answer 29. Tendinous chords or heart strings are the chord of tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the bicuspid and tricuspid valves of the heart. Ventricular contraction transfers a wave of muscular contraction that cause the valve to close and back flow is prevented. It is done through chords of tendons and papillary muscles.
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