If a subject\'s tidal volume is 400 mL, their respiration rate is 16 breaths/min

Question

If a subject's tidal volume is 400 mL, their respiration rate is 16 breaths/minute, their anatomic dead space volume is 90 mL, their arterial blood contains 20.0 mL of oxygen per deciliter, their venous blood contains 16.0 mL of oxygen per deciliter, and their cardiac output is 3.8 L/minute,

____ of air enters the alveoli during each inspiration,

____ of fresh air enters teh alveoli during each inspiration

the minute (pulmonary) ventilation is ____

the alveolar ventilation is ____ and

the oxygen consumption is ____.

Explanation / Answer

the amount of air inspired is the tidal volume that is 400 ml.

the amount of fresh air inspired is the 310 ml as tidal volume is the total air inspired along with the dead space volume, therefore fresh air is tidal volume - dead space.

the minute pulmonary ventilation is the product of tidal volume and respiratory rate i.e.400* 16= 6400ml bretahe /min = 6.4 L breathe /min.

the alveolar ventilation is the (total volume -dead space ), multiplied by respiratory rate= (400-90)*16=4960ml/min=4.96L/min

the oxygen consumption is the product of cardiac output and the (arterial blood oygen content- venous blood oxygen content) 3.8L/min*(20-16)=3800ml *4ml=15200ml/min=15.2L/min

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