If a subject\'s tidal volume is 400 mL, their respiration rate is 16 breaths/min

Question

If a subject's tidal volume is 400 mL, their respiration rate is 16 breaths/minute, their anatomical dead space volume is 90 mL, their arterial blood contains 20.0 mL of oxygen per deciliter, their venous blood contains 16.0 mL of oxygen per decliliter, and their cardiac output is 3.8 L/min,

________________ of air enters the alveoli during each inspiration,

________________ of freash air enters the alveoli during each inspiration,

the minute (pulmonary) ventiation is _________________,

the alveolar ventilation is ______________ and

the oxygen consumption is ______________________.

(answer all parts please!!)

Explanation / Answer

Answer

1. 400mL of air enters the alveoli during each inspiration,

The inspired air indicate the tidal volume

2. 310 mL of fresh air enters the alveoli during each inspiration,

The fresh air is the difference between tidal volume – dead space3.

3. The minute (pulmonary) ventilation is, 4000 ml/min(4L/min)

Minute volume is the product of tidal volume and breath rate.

Here the breath rate is 16 breath/min.

Minute volume = 400×10 = 4000ml/ min

4. The alveolar ventilation is 1.96 ml/L and

Alveolar ventilation is calculated by following by formula

(Tidal volume - dead space)× breath rate

= (400-90) ×16

= 310 × 16

= 4960 mL/min.

The oxygen consumption is 4mL

The oxygen in the arterial blood – blood in venous blood

=20 – 16

= 4mL.

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