1. In your own words Show via the pathway on how our eyes and nasal cavity are c

Question

1. In your own words Show via the pathway on how our eyes and nasal cavity are connected.

2. In your own words Write out the process (pathway) on how the brain is able to translate objects once a person looks at it.

3. One physical effect of a lower blood pressure is the feeling of light-headedness. The intensity of this symptom is related to the degree of a person’s physical fitness. One would expect a trained person to have fewer problems than an untrained person. However, the opposite effect is actually observed. Why is that

Explanation / Answer

1)Pathway connecting eyes and nasal cavity: the pathway of tears from eyes and nose onces the tears are secreted from the main and accessory lacramial glands and distributed evenly over the ocular surface by the eyelids, they are then passed in to the nose through the lacrimal drainage system beginning with the upper and lower puncta, each of these drains into the cancliculus which carries the tears through the ampulla and this tube turns into the nose in the horizontal direction the canaliculi may join into a common canaliculus or enter the lacrimal sac separately, this mechanism is of the path of the movement of tears into the nose by the active lacrimal pump assisted by the action of surrounding muscles group (pretarsal and preseptal orbicularis oculi), when the eyes are normal the lacrimal sac is empty and when blink occur the surrounding muscles contract in such a way that the canaliculi are pinched closed by this negative pressure is created and pulling the tears trapped in the canaliculi towards it, then when eyes opens the walls of the lacrimal sac return to their collapsed state pushing the tears that have collected there downward to the nacolacrimal duct eventually draining into the nose through the inferior turbinate of the nose. 2)when a human looks at the object the light from the object enters into the eyes, the light goes through the cornea and then to the pupil and then to the iris and then the lens focus through the aqueous humor, and then onto the retina and the retina contains tiny photo sensors and these will detect the light these sensors contains rods and cones and the rods dettect the shades and forms and are needed for the night and peripheral vision and cones are useful for seeing the details in the bright daylight and seeing colours, then the optic nerve carries the information received from the retina to the brain , where the brain translates it into the single image we percieve or see. 3) the effects of lower blood pressure between the trained and untrained person: the trained person have low blood pressure because of the vasodilation mostly of the arterioles since muscles need more blood during exercise and this effect will still be present long after the exercise has stopped and adrenalin has both affinity with alpha vasoconstricting and beta vasodilating receptors at lower doses the beta vasodilating effect predominates.

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