Answer the following questions: 1. During a vasectomy, the ductus deferens is se

Question

Answer the following questions: 1. During a vasectomy, the ductus deferens is sectioned and cauterized. a. How does this procedure render a male effectively sterile? b. Does a vasectomy stop sperm from being produced? Why or why not? 2. One of the most common complaints of pregnant women is the need to urinate often. Explain this, considering the arrangement of the pelvic organs The condition benign prostatic hypertrophy, in which the prostate is enlarged, often results in urinary retention-the inability to completely empty the bladder. Considering the anatomy of the male genitourinary tract, explain this symptom 3.

Explanation / Answer

1 a. Vas deferens is the duct that transfers sperm from testicle to the urethra. In Vasectomy, this vas deferens is cauterized and sutured. Hence, sperm that are produced in testis and matured in epididymis cannot be transferred to the urethra for release. This results in male sterility. It takes some time for the male to become infertile, as sperm already present in vas deferens. It takes around 1-2 weeks after vasectomy for the male to become infertile.

1b. Vasectomy only results in inhibition of transfer of sperm from the testis to urethra as it involves the suturing and cauterization of vas deferens, the duct for sperm transport. There is no effect on testosterone production and production of sperm by sertoli cells in testis. Hence, sperm production will not be inhibited after vasectomy.

2. Uterus is the organ that is present in pelvic cavity just above the bladder and the urethra. The fetus during later stages of pregnancy will grow heavier and moves down into the mother’s pelvis in preparation of birth. This will cause pressure to be placed on the bladder, pelvic floor muscles and urethra. As a result, the pregnant woman tends to urinate frequently.

Further, pregnancy hormones cause the blood vessels to dilate, increasing the blood flow to kidneys. Hence, Kidneys will increase urine output by 25% after conception. The pregnancy hormone hCG will trigger frequent urination in pregnancy.

3. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a benign condition wherein the prostate gland is enlarged. The enlarged prostrate will cause blockage of urine out of the bladder. The prostrate is located in pelvis between bladder and pen-s missing word is i…. complete word is not allowed by Chegg rules). It surrounds the urethra, which carries sperm and urine out of the pen-s (missing word is i…. complete word is not allowed by Chegg rules). When the prostrate enlarges, it will compress the urethra. This will cause less urine to be released from the bladder. Hence, the bladder will retain urine in BPH.

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