17, Rapid ejection of blood from the left ventricle occurs A. during ventricular
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17, Rapid ejection of blood from the left ventricle occurs A. during ventricular diastole. B. before isovlumetric contraction. C. after end-systolic volume D. when the pressure in the ventricle is greater than the pressure in the aorta 18. A person who smokes will have all of the following E A. increased erythropoietin release. B. damaged respiratory membranes. C. an overloaded respiratory defense system. D. a decreased lung compliance. perfuse peripheral tissues, cardiac output needs to be approximately S An athlete typically has a very low heart rate (-50 beats/min). Which of the following is true? n athlete does not receive enough blood to peripheral tissues because his/her cardiac n athlete's heart can pump blood more efficiently, thereby increasing stroke volume output is too low B. A and allowing a slower heart rate. C. An athlete will not have a cardiac output around 5 L/min. D. An athle te has more parasympathetic stimulation of the heart than sympathetic, thereby giving him/her a lower heart rate. 20. Which of the following is true regarding the viscosity of blood? A. Water is five times more viscous than blood. B. Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen contribute to the viscosity of blood. C. Blood is almost as viscous as water because it is 92% water D. Because 99.9% of whole blood is composed of formed elements, blood is five times more viscous than water 21. Vasoconstriction results in A. increased capillary blood flow. B. decreased peripheral blood pressure. C. increased afterload. D. decreased resistance to blood flow. 22. Atherosclerosis A. is more likely in a person with high levels of apolipoprotein-E. B. is due to cholesterol-rich lipoproteins remaining in circulation for an extended period of time. C. cannot be reversed at any stage. D. can only be treated with a coronary artery bypass graft. 23. The respiratory membrane includes A. surfactant cells. B. goblet cells. C. endothelial cells of capillaries. D. ciliated cells.Explanation / Answer
17. During ventricular diastole blood enters ventricles. Also rapid ejection of blood from ventricle occurs after isovolumetric contraction.
The rapid ejection of blood from ventricle occurs when the ventricular pressure exceeds pressure in oarta.
Hence option (D) is correct.
20. Viscosity of blood is more than that of water ( 5 times) and it is due to presence of red blood cells and proteins.
Hence option (D) is correct.
21. Vasoconstriction means narrowing of blood vessels. It leads to increase in resistance due to which blood flow decreases. It also leads to increase in afterload ( the force heart needs to overcome to pump blood. Thus incressed afterload reduces cardiac output.
Hence option (C) is correct.
22. Atherosclerosis means hardening or narrowing of arteries. It occurs due to buildup of plaque ( fatty deposits or cholesterol). It can be treated or reversed with medicine, surgery or by changing lifestyle.
Hence option (B) is correct.
23. The respiratory surface consists of alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary capilary endothelial cells. It is responsible for gaseous exchange.
Hence option (C) is correct.
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