individual has a viral infection. This particular virus infects respiratory epit

Question

individual has a viral infection. This particular virus infects respiratory epithelial cells. Virus-specific naive CD8+ T cells are activated and differentiate into CTLs. What conditions would be LEAST necessary for a CTL effector response to the virus-infected cells?

MHC expression by respiratory epithelial cells

B7 expression by respiratory epithelial cells

proteasomal degradation of viral proteins

inflammation in the respiratory epithelium

QUESTION 30

You are performing research on checkpoint blockade therapy. You are told to select an antibody that will block inhibitory signals in T cells by binding to a receptor or its ligand. Which molecule is NOT a good target for such a therapy?

CTLA-4

PD-L1

PD-1

CD4

Explanation / Answer

Answer 29:

Option B

B7 expression by the respiratory epithelial cells.

Explanation:

In order to combat the virus infection from one’s body; activation of T lymphocyte occurs which is designated as Tc cells (T cytotoxic cells)

This cell is responsible for the presentation and processing of the antigens of endogenous origin.

For them to recognize the antigen, they needs to be bound to an MHC molecule (Major Histocompatibility complex) of proteins.

Also, after their processing they need to be degraded . As majority of the antigens are of proteinaceous origin, proteasomal degradation of viral proteins is one of the major events. This clearing off the viral antigen is marked by the local temporary inflammation of the respiratory epithelium.

B7 is a receptor of the B-cells that is the plasma cells which are responsible for the preparation of the antibodies. As in the processing and presentation of the endogenous viral antigen B cells are not involved or are least involved, hence they do not play a significant role.

Answer 30.

Option D.

CD 4 that is cluster of differentiation is a glycoprotein which is present on the surface of the T helper cells and are used as markers for their differentiation from other immune cells.

Check point bloackade therapy is a therapy which employs the use of monoclonal antibodies and are used to treat cancer. Their way of mechanism lies in the way that they block the proteins made by a group of cancer cells and or other immune cells.

PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4 are the checkpoint proteins present on the T cells which are targeted by the monoclonal antibodies and thus boosts the immune responses against the cancer cells. Hence monoclonal antibodies are acting as a promising deal in the treatment of the cancers.

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