EXERCISE 1. VARIOUS CONDITIONS AND THEIR EFFECT ON CELLULAR RESPIRATION Yeast ce
ID: 3522374 • Letter: E
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EXERCISE 1. VARIOUS CONDITIONS AND THEIR EFFECT ON CELLULAR RESPIRATION Yeast cells will be exposed to several conditions: 1. Three different substrates for cellular respiration: glucose (monosaccharide), maltose (disaccharide of glucose), and alanine, an amino acid Excess Mg as essential co Presence of inhibitor, NaF 3. QUESTIONS 1. Which of the three substrates will be the most effective fuel for cellular respiration, resulting in the most ATP formed? 2. What will be the effect of the addition of excess amounts of Mg"', beyond the optimal concentration already present in the cell?Explanation / Answer
1) One glucose molecule produces 38 ATP molecules during cellular respiration under aerobic conditions. Maltose is a disaccharide made up of two glucose molecules. Hydrolysis of maltose by maltase enzyme results in the formation of two glucose molecules which in turn produce 38 ATP molecules each. Alanine during gluconeogenesis need 3 ATP molecules for conversion to glucose which enters glycolysis. So, the number of ATP produced from alanine will be less than in glucose. So, the effective substrate for cellular respiration which yields maximum ATP is maltose.
2) Magnesium increases the rate if cellular respiration by acting as a cofactor for certain glycolytic enzymes. But, when the concentration of magnesium is increased beyond the optimum point, the rate of the reaction will not increase as the active sites of enzymes are saturated.
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