Doris is a 25 year old accountant who was just involved in an accident with a pl

Question

Doris is a 25 year old accountant who was just involved in an accident with a plate glass window at her office with sever blood loss resulting in patient hypotension. This will cause her body to immediately initiate the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system or (RAAS) which is a hormone system that is involved in the regulation of the plasma sodium concentration and arterial blood pressure. This is the body’s means of preserving precious body fluid and to normalize blood pressure.

1. Where is the enzyme Renin produced and what is the name of its precursor?

2. Angiotensinogen, a plasma protein, is synthesized by Renin in the Liver. What does the name Angiotensinogen mean?

3. Angiotensin 1 is converted into Angiotensin 2 by Angiotensin Converting Enzyme or (ACE) in the Lungs. An ACE Inhibitor is therefore designed to have the opposite effect as is needed in Doris’s case and would lower blood pressure. True or False.

4. Angiotensin 2 has a direct effect on the Kidneys to decrease Urine Output. True or False.

5. Angiotensin 2 has an indirect effect on the Adrenal Gland to release Aldosterone which is a Mineralcorticoid Steroid Hormone which acts on the Kidney to increase Sodium and Water reabsorbtion thus increasing Doris’s blood pressure. True or False.

Explanation / Answer

1. Renin is produced by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys. Prorenin is the inactive precursor of renin.

2. Angiotensinogen also known as hypertensinogen, is a glycoprotein produced by the liver. It is leaved by renin to produce angiotensin I, which acts as a vasoconstrictor and causes a rise in blood pressure. Therefore the name angiotensinogen means a substance that causes a rise in the presure of blood vessels.

3. False

4. True

5. True

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