28. The inner layer of Bowman\'s capsule consists of specialized cells called a.

Question

28. The inner layer of Bowman's capsule consists of specialized cells called a. nephrons b. podocytes c. nephrocytes d.juxatamedullary cells e. vasa recta 29. Arrange the following in the sequence in which filtrate moves through them 1. loop of Henle 2. Bowman's capsule 3. distal convoluted tubule 4. proximal convoluted tubule a. 1,2,3,4 b. 4,2,1,3 c. 2,4,3,1 d. 2,4,1,3 30. Which of the following structures is a capillary? a. glomerulus b. loop of Henle c. collecting duct d. Bowman's' capsule 31. The inner layer (visceral) of the Bowman's capsule consists of specialized cells called a. nephron b. podocytes c. nephrocytes d. juxtamedullary cells 32. The juxtamedullary nephrons a. have long loops of Henle b. are found next to the renal capsule c, comprise 85% of all nephrons d. have their renal corpuscles located in the medulla 33. What percent of filtrate becomes urine? a. less than 1% b. 5% C. 10% d. 90%

Explanation / Answer

Q28. (b) podocytes

Podocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells which have cytoplasmic extention called "pedicels"( foot like projection). These pedicels wrap around the small capillaries of glomerulus and increase surface area for the glomerular filteration.

Q29. (d) 2,4,1,3

Step1. Blood pressure in the capillaries of glomerulus pushes the fluid to glomerular capsule, where filteration membrane allows only water and small molecules to move further.

Step 2. In the proximal convoluted tubule important nutrients like protein etc are reabsorbed.

Step 3. Water and salts are reabsorbed inside the loop of Henle.

Step 4. Sodium and calcium ions are continues to reabsorbed inside distal convoluted tubule.

Q 30. (a) Glomerulus

Glomerulus is a bunch like structure made up of network of intertwinned blood capillaries.

Q31. (b) Podocytes

Podocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells which have cytoplasmic extention called "pedicels"(foot like projection). These pedicels wrap around the capillaries of glomerulus and increase the surface area of glomerular filteration.

Q32. (a) Juxtamedullary nephrons have long loop of henle due to which helps them to reabsorb water from filtrate for longer period and thus prevent extreme water loss from the body through urine.

Q33. (a) Less than 1% of filtrate becomes urine.

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