10. Fluid and solutes flow from the glomerulus into Bowma 11. Substances moving
ID: 3523602 • Letter: 1
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10. Fluid and solutes flow from the glomerulus into Bowma 11. Substances moving out of the filtrate in the nephron tubule 12. Fine-tuning of the content of the filtrate is achieved by this capsule during this renal process. and back into the blood in the peritubular capillaries is called: movement of specific solutes from the peritubular capillaries into the nephron tubule. 13. The solution formed during filtration is called: 14. The glomerular filter prevents substances from passing through based on size and 15. Along with large proteins, these are prevented from passing through the glomerular filter, and therefore remain in the blood. concentration of those solutes in the blood's filtrate. 16. The concentration of solutes in the filtrate reflects the 17. Creatinine, urea and uric acid make up this component of theExplanation / Answer
10. GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
11. TUBULAR REABSORTION
12. TUBULAR SECRETION
13. FILTRATE OR URINE
14. CHARGE
15. CELLS
16. PLASMA
Blood plasma enters the afferent arteriole and flows into the glomerulus, a cluster of intertwined capillaries. The Bowman’s capsule (also called the glomerular capsule) surrounds the glomerulus and is composed of visceral (simple squamous epithelial cells—inner) and parietal (simple squamous epithelial cells—outer) layers.
The visceral layer lies just beneath the thickened glomerular basement membrane and is made of podocytes that form small slits in which the fluid passes through into the nephron. The size of the filtration slits restricts the passage of large molecules (such as albumin) and cells (such as red blood cells and platelets) that are the non-filterable components of blood.
These then leave the glomerulus through the efferent arteriole, which becomes capillaries meant for kidney–oxygen exchange and reabsorption before becoming venous circulation. The positively charged podocytes will impede the filtration of negatively charged particles as well (such as albumins).
The process by which glomerular filtration occurs is called renal ultrafiltration. The force of hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus (the force of pressure exerted from the pressure of the blood vessel itself) is the driving force that pushes filtrate out of the capillaries and into the slits in the nephron.
Tubular secretion is the transfer of materials from peritubular capillaries to the renal tubular lumen; it is the opposite process of reabsorption. This secretion is caused mainly by active transport and passive diffusion.
Usually only a few substances are secreted, and are typically waste products. Urine is the substance leftover in the collecting duct following reabsorption and secretion.
Urine that is formed via the three processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion leaves the kidney through the ureter, and is stored in the bladder before being removed through the urethra. At this final stage it is only approximately one percent of the originally filtered volume, consisting mostly of water with highly diluted amounts of urea, creatinine, and variable concentrations of ions.
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