A patient was brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance with two arrow wo
ID: 3523709 • Letter: A
Question
A patient was brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance with two arrow wounds. One arrow is still in the patient on the left side; entering anteriorly between the 7th and 8th ribs in a 15 degree angle, the arrow head protruding posteriorly. The second wound is located in the posterior cervical triangle. Occipital Mandible Trapezius Sternocleidomastoid Posterior Triangle Clavicle Answer the following questions using a minimum of five (5) academic references (you many not use Wikipedia, blogs, or other informal sources.) Use APA format in-text citations in your answers and include a reference page. Question 1 What serosal cavities have been penetrated by the first arrow? Explain the location, the microscopic cellular components of the serous membrane, and the purpose of the serous membrane. Question2 Describe the Autonomic Nervous System and explain how the patient's ANS reacts to the arrow attack and how it will affect the patient's vital signs (P, BP, R, T) Question3 Describe the trajectory of the first arrow using directional terms and anatomical planes. Identify and describe the organs and any other membranes that may have been afected by the first . arrow. Question 4 Describe the cardiovascular system and explain how both the pulmonary and systemic circuits will be affected by both arrows. Include the effect on the Hematocrit and Hemoglobin values.Explanation / Answer
1. a. The thoracic cavity and the pleural cavity have been penetrated by the arrow.
b. The visceral pleura is the delicate serous membrane that covers the surface of each lung and dips into the fissures between the lobes.
The parietal pleura is the outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic cavity.
The parietal pleura also separates the pleural cavity from the mediastinum.
The cervical pleura, costal pleura are the microscopic cellular component of the serous membrane.
2. Autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system which is responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breeding, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.
The arrow attack is a chronic stressful condition environmental demand exceeds the natural regulatory capacity of the body. In this there is a progressive dysfunctional response to stress, and in particular, to a constrained PNS capacity to control the stress response, may lead to an anticipatory stress response and reduced control of the neuroendocrine reaction.
The patients body temperature will increase, pulse rate will also increase which will lead to increase in blood pressure, and the rate of respiration will slow down.
3. b. The Other organs affected can be lungs and the membrane will be the pleural membrane.
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