LAB EXERCISE 13.3 continued Station 2: Australopith Cranium and Dentition (Alter

Question

LAB EXERCISE 13.3 continued Station 2: Australopith Cranium and Dentition (Alternative to Specimens: 1 Compare the cranium and dentition of Australopithecus afarensis to those of an ape and a human, and fill out the ta- Figures A through D on the next page and Figures 13.10 to 13.14) magnum you might say. from a comparative perspective. For example, for position of foramen "more anterior" compared to an ape, but "more posterior" compared to a human. A. afarensis Compared to an Ape A. afarensis Compared to a Human Amount of prognathism Canine shearing complex (present or absent) Canine size Diastema Sectorial P3 Shape of chin area/mandibular symphysis (recedes back? vertical? actual chin?) Size of braincase-smaller or larger (relative to overall cranium size) Much vs, little postorbital constriction Position of foramen magnum-more anterior vs. more posterior Shape of dental arcade- rounded, squared, rectangular are tooth rows parallel? Do molars increase or decrease in size from M1 to M3? Location of maximum skull breadth (viewed from back- higher vs. lower on skull Chapter 13 Early Members of the Human Line 37

Explanation / Answer

A.afarensis compared to an Ape

1. Lesser

2. Absent

3. Smaller

4. Absent

5. Greater

6.

7.approximately equal

8. Much

9. In apse foramen magnum is at rear of skull

Less ape like

10. Less u shaped , more of v shaped

11. Increase

12.

A.afarensis compared to a human

1. More

2. Present

3. Large

4. Absent

5. Lesser

6. Human have a parbolipa chin area and A.afarensis have rectangular

7. Small

8.little

9. More human like since human too have central foramen magnum

10. More V shaped

11. Increase

12.

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