What is the difference between one output and the other. Accounts for password f

Question

What is the difference between one output and the other.

Accounts for password file:karenx:1001:1001:, , :/home?karen:/bin?bash donald:x: 1002:100:, , :/home/donald:/bin/bash robert:x: 1003:1003:, , :/home/robert:/bin/bash kou:x:1004:1004:, , :/home/kou:/bin/bash zhiyuan:x:1005:1006:, , :/home/zhiyuan:/bin/bash alicia:x:1007:1007:, , :/home/alicia:/bin/bash student:x:1008:1008:, , :/home/student:/bin/bash Accounts for shadow file: karen:$1boQDA$4rQmYqUK533Y7XXAFsD7Z0:14543:0:9999:7::: donald:$lkMxib$18urk6WVJTKS.4fClqLz.0:14543:0:9999:7::: robert:$1$kE3Xo$Q4ROfQSeFfPJxt7THW7Oo1:14543:0:9999:7::: kou:$1$WTVTI$JbGJ7jyQLmmue4uHwzukM.:14543:0:9999:7::: zhiyuan:$1$YTRfN$nqOnl5z4/XsZHFwflOw2k.:14543:0:9999:7::: dylan:$1$Fy4XM$DuGgHTqt07lmsKZ8qb2Sg/:14543:0:9999:7::: alicia:$1$7l690$9jBc.hww3gvswY3dl2eEbl:14543:0:9999:7::: student:$1$re8UI$y39qrsc4vmTi/KZdzi22M/:14543:0:9999:7::: (d) difference do you notice between the two files?

Explanation / Answer

Different between two files is below : ---

Account for password file :

first line of file User "karen" here has User ID : 1001 and his primary group is also 1001. When Karen creates files, they will be owned by jKaren and assigned to group 1001.

Karen USer's home directory : /home/karen

/bin/bash provide access to the bash shell.

Karen can also belong to other ("secondary") groups. These assignments are made in /etc/group.

In this files all of lines are follow same rules.

Account for Shadow file :

shadow file information format :

    username:passwd:last:may:must:warn:expire:disable:reserved

username: The User Name.
passwd : The Encoded or encrypted password(13 character encrypted). A blank entry (eg. ::) means password is not required to log in.
last    : days since Jan 1, 1970 that password was last changed.
may     : Number of days before password may be changed (0 means it may be changed at any time) .
must    : number of days after which password must be changed (99999 means user can keep his or her password unchanged for many, many years).
warn    : Days before password is to expire that user is warned (7 for full week).
expire : Days after password expires that account is disabled.
disable : Days since Jan 1, 1970 that account is disabled.
reserved : A reserved field for possible future use.

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