There are 5 different network classes for addressing in the Internet (using IPv4

Question

There are 5 different network classes for addressing in the Internet (using IPv4). Compute the theoretical maximum number of addressable hosts in all: (a) Class A networks (b) Class B networks (c) Class C networks The numbers computed in 4.3 above represent upper bounds on the numbers of addressable hosts for these classes of network: (a) Briefly explain how this number is reduced through the use of special reserved addresses. (b) Provide an estimate of the number of actual available host addresses for a given Class C network

Explanation / Answer

IPv4 is the most widely used version of the Internet Protocol today. Designed in the 1970s, IPv4 defines IP addresses in a 32-bit format consisting of four ‘octets’ (8-bit numbers), separated by a ‘.’, e.g., 192.168.1.1. Each octet can represent a number from 0 to 255, meaning… The total number of IPv4 addresses equals 4,294,967, 296 (or 2 to the 32nd power) Back in the early 1980's, when the only devices with Internet access were computers associated with the military or research organizations, 4 billion possible addresses seemed like a virtually endless horizon. However, fast forward to today, with a skyrocketing global population of connected users, and we’ve reached the end of available addresses.

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