Using the implementations of binary search tree (BST.java) and Queue.java from t
ID: 3676256 • Letter: U
Question
Using the implementations of binary search tree (BST.java) and Queue.java from the website of the textbook this is a link to the website http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/code/ , include a new method printPost() that prints the pairs (key, value) properly labeled that are in the tree in post-order. In addition, write a test client that reads a sequence of (key, value) pairs from a file, inserts them in the symbol table and outputs -on the screen- the values in the tree using the method printPost(). You may assume that keys and values are both of type String.
Explanation / Answer
Hi, I have added postPrint(). Just integrate other .java file and test it.
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
public class BST<Key extends Comparable<Key>, Value> {
private Node root; // root of BST
private class Node {
private Key key; // sorted by key
private Value val; // associated data
private Node left, right; // left and right subtrees
private int N; // number of nodes in subtree
public Node(Key key, Value val, int N) {
this.key = key;
this.val = val;
this.N = N;
}
}
/**
* Initializes an empty symbol table.
*/
public BST() {
}
/**
* Returns true if this symbol table is empty.
* @return <tt>true</tt> if this symbol table is empty; <tt>false</tt> otherwise
*/
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size() == 0;
}
/**
* Returns the number of key-value pairs in this symbol table.
* @return the number of key-value pairs in this symbol table
*/
public int size() {
return size(root);
}
// return number of key-value pairs in BST rooted at x
private int size(Node x) {
if (x == null) return 0;
else return x.N;
}
/**
* Does this symbol table contain the given key?
*
* @param key the key
* @return <tt>true</tt> if this symbol table contains <tt>key</tt> and
* <tt>false</tt> otherwise
* @throws NullPointerException if <tt>key</tt> is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public boolean contains(Key key) {
if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException("argument to contains() is null");
return get(key) != null;
}
/**
* Returns the value associated with the given key.
*
* @param key the key
* @return the value associated with the given key if the key is in the symbol table
* and <tt>null</tt> if the key is not in the symbol table
* @throws NullPointerException if <tt>key</tt> is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public Value get(Key key) {
return get(root, key);
}
private Value get(Node x, Key key) {
if (x == null) return null;
int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key);
if (cmp < 0) return get(x.left, key);
else if (cmp > 0) return get(x.right, key);
else return x.val;
}
/**
* Inserts the specified key-value pair into the symbol table, overwriting the old
* value with the new value if the symbol table already contains the specified key.
* Deletes the specified key (and its associated value) from this symbol table
* if the specified value is <tt>null</tt>.
*
* @param key the key
* @param val the value
* @throws NullPointerException if <tt>key</tt> is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public void put(Key key, Value val) {
if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException("first argument to put() is null");
if (val == null) {
delete(key);
return;
}
root = put(root, key, val);
assert check();
}
private Node put(Node x, Key key, Value val) {
if (x == null) return new Node(key, val, 1);
int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key);
if (cmp < 0) x.left = put(x.left, key, val);
else if (cmp > 0) x.right = put(x.right, key, val);
else x.val = val;
x.N = 1 + size(x.left) + size(x.right);
return x;
}
/**
* Removes the smallest key and associated value from the symbol table.
*
* @throws NoSuchElementException if the symbol table is empty
*/
public void deleteMin() {
if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("Symbol table underflow");
root = deleteMin(root);
assert check();
}
private Node deleteMin(Node x) {
if (x.left == null) return x.right;
x.left = deleteMin(x.left);
x.N = size(x.left) + size(x.right) + 1;
return x;
}
/**
* Removes the largest key and associated value from the symbol table.
*
* @throws NoSuchElementException if the symbol table is empty
*/
public void deleteMax() {
if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("Symbol table underflow");
root = deleteMax(root);
assert check();
}
private Node deleteMax(Node x) {
if (x.right == null) return x.left;
x.right = deleteMax(x.right);
x.N = size(x.left) + size(x.right) + 1;
return x;
}
/**
* Removes the specified key and its associated value from this symbol table
* (if the key is in this symbol table).
*
* @param key the key
* @throws NullPointerException if <tt>key</tt> is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public void delete(Key key) {
if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException("argument to delete() is null");
root = delete(root, key);
assert check();
}
private Node delete(Node x, Key key) {
if (x == null) return null;
int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key);
if (cmp < 0) x.left = delete(x.left, key);
else if (cmp > 0) x.right = delete(x.right, key);
else {
if (x.right == null) return x.left;
if (x.left == null) return x.right;
Node t = x;
x = min(t.right);
x.right = deleteMin(t.right);
x.left = t.left;
}
x.N = size(x.left) + size(x.right) + 1;
return x;
}
/**
* Returns the smallest key in the symbol table.
*
* @return the smallest key in the symbol table
* @throws NoSuchElementException if the symbol table is empty
*/
public Key min() {
if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("called min() with empty symbol table");
return min(root).key;
}
private Node min(Node x) {
if (x.left == null) return x;
else return min(x.left);
}
/**
* Returns the largest key in the symbol table.
*
* @return the largest key in the symbol table
* @throws NoSuchElementException if the symbol table is empty
*/
public Key max() {
if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("called max() with empty symbol table");
return max(root).key;
}
private Node max(Node x) {
if (x.right == null) return x;
else return max(x.right);
}
/**
* Returns the largest key in the symbol table less than or equal to <tt>key</tt>.
*
* @param key the key
* @return the largest key in the symbol table less than or equal to <tt>key</tt>
* @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no such key
* @throws NullPointerException if <tt>key</tt> is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public Key floor(Key key) {
if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException("argument to floor() is null");
if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("called floor() with empty symbol table");
Node x = floor(root, key);
if (x == null) return null;
else return x.key;
}
private Node floor(Node x, Key key) {
if (x == null) return null;
int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key);
if (cmp == 0) return x;
if (cmp < 0) return floor(x.left, key);
Node t = floor(x.right, key);
if (t != null) return t;
else return x;
}
/**
* Returns the smallest key in the symbol table greater than or equal to <tt>key</tt>.
*
* @param key the key
* @return the smallest key in the symbol table greater than or equal to <tt>key</tt>
* @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no such key
* @throws NullPointerException if <tt>key</tt> is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public Key ceiling(Key key) {
if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException("argument to ceiling() is null");
if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("called ceiling() with empty symbol table");
Node x = ceiling(root, key);
if (x == null) return null;
else return x.key;
}
private Node ceiling(Node x, Key key) {
if (x == null) return null;
int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key);
if (cmp == 0) return x;
if (cmp < 0) {
Node t = ceiling(x.left, key);
if (t != null) return t;
else return x;
}
return ceiling(x.right, key);
}
/**
* Return the kth smallest key in the symbol table.
*
* @param k the order statistic
* @return the kth smallest key in the symbol table
* @throws IllegalArgumentException unless <tt>k</tt> is between 0 and
* <em>N</em> − 1
*/
public Key select(int k) {
if (k < 0 || k >= size()) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
Node x = select(root, k);
return x.key;
}
// Return key of rank k.
private Node select(Node x, int k) {
if (x == null) return null;
int t = size(x.left);
if (t > k) return select(x.left, k);
else if (t < k) return select(x.right, k-t-1);
else return x;
}
/**
* Return the number of keys in the symbol table strictly less than <tt>key</tt>.
*
* @param key the key
* @return the number of keys in the symbol table strictly less than <tt>key</tt>
* @throws NullPointerException if <tt>key</tt> is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public int rank(Key key) {
if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException("argument to rank() is null");
return rank(key, root);
}
// Number of keys in the subtree less than key.
private int rank(Key key, Node x) {
if (x == null) return 0;
int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key);
if (cmp < 0) return rank(key, x.left);
else if (cmp > 0) return 1 + size(x.left) + rank(key, x.right);
else return size(x.left);
}
/**
* Returns all keys in the symbol table as an <tt>Iterable</tt>.
* To iterate over all of the keys in the symbol table named <tt>st</tt>,
* use the foreach notation: <tt>for (Key key : st.keys())</tt>.
*
* @return all keys in the symbol table
*/
public Iterable<Key> keys() {
return keys(min(), max());
}
/**
* Returns all keys in the symbol table in the given range,
* as an <tt>Iterable</tt>.
*
* @return all keys in the sybol table between <tt>lo</tt>
* (inclusive) and <tt>hi</tt> (exclusive)
* @throws NullPointerException if either <tt>lo</tt> or <tt>hi</tt>
* is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public Iterable<Key> keys(Key lo, Key hi) {
if (lo == null) throw new NullPointerException("first argument to keys() is null");
if (hi == null) throw new NullPointerException("second argument to keys() is null");
Queue<Key> queue = new Queue<Key>();
keys(root, queue, lo, hi);
return queue;
}
private void keys(Node x, Queue<Key> queue, Key lo, Key hi) {
if (x == null) return;
int cmplo = lo.compareTo(x.key);
int cmphi = hi.compareTo(x.key);
if (cmplo < 0) keys(x.left, queue, lo, hi);
if (cmplo <= 0 && cmphi >= 0) queue.enqueue(x.key);
if (cmphi > 0) keys(x.right, queue, lo, hi);
}
/**
* Returns the number of keys in the symbol table in the given range.
*
* @return the number of keys in the sybol table between <tt>lo</tt>
* (inclusive) and <tt>hi</tt> (exclusive)
* @throws NullPointerException if either <tt>lo</tt> or <tt>hi</tt>
* is <tt>null</tt>
*/
public int size(Key lo, Key hi) {
if (lo == null) throw new NullPointerException("first argument to size() is null");
if (hi == null) throw new NullPointerException("second argument to size() is null");
if (lo.compareTo(hi) > 0) return 0;
if (contains(hi)) return rank(hi) - rank(lo) + 1;
else return rank(hi) - rank(lo);
}
/**
* Returns the height of the BST (for debugging).
*
* @return the height of the BST (a 1-node tree has height 0)
*/
public int height() {
return height(root);
}
private int height(Node x) {
if (x == null) return -1;
return 1 + Math.max(height(x.left), height(x.right));
}
/**
* Returns the keys in the BST in level order (for debugging).
*
* @return the keys in the BST in level order traversal
*/
public Iterable<Key> levelOrder() {
Queue<Key> keys = new Queue<Key>();
Queue<Node> queue = new Queue<Node>();
queue.enqueue(root);
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
Node x = queue.dequeue();
if (x == null) continue;
keys.enqueue(x.key);
queue.enqueue(x.left);
queue.enqueue(x.right);
}
return keys;
}
/*************************************************************************
* Check integrity of BST data structure.
***************************************************************************/
private boolean check() {
if (!isBST()) StdOut.println("Not in symmetric order");
if (!isSizeConsistent()) StdOut.println("Subtree counts not consistent");
if (!isRankConsistent()) StdOut.println("Ranks not consistent");
return isBST() && isSizeConsistent() && isRankConsistent();
}
// does this binary tree satisfy symmetric order?
// Note: this test also ensures that data structure is a binary tree since order is strict
private boolean isBST() {
return isBST(root, null, null);
}
// is the tree rooted at x a BST with all keys strictly between min and max
// (if min or max is null, treat as empty constraint)
// Credit: Bob Dondero's elegant solution
private boolean isBST(Node x, Key min, Key max) {
if (x == null) return true;
if (min != null && x.key.compareTo(min) <= 0) return false;
if (max != null && x.key.compareTo(max) >= 0) return false;
return isBST(x.left, min, x.key) && isBST(x.right, x.key, max);
}
// are the size fields correct?
private boolean isSizeConsistent() { return isSizeConsistent(root); }
private boolean isSizeConsistent(Node x) {
if (x == null) return true;
if (x.N != size(x.left) + size(x.right) + 1) return false;
return isSizeConsistent(x.left) && isSizeConsistent(x.right);
}
// check that ranks are consistent
private boolean isRankConsistent() {
for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++)
if (i != rank(select(i))) return false;
for (Key key : keys())
if (key.compareTo(select(rank(key))) != 0) return false;
return true;
}
//to print postorder
public void printPost() {
if(root == null)
return;
printPostUtil(root);
}
//utility function to print postorder
public void printPostUtil(Node root) {
if(root == null) // base case
return;
printPostUtil(root.left); // printing left subtree
printPostUtil(root.right);// printing right sub tree
//printing root key value
StdOut.println("("+root.key+" "+root.val+")");
}
/**
* Unit tests the <tt>BST</tt> data type.
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
BST<String, Integer> st = new BST<String, Integer>();
for (int i = 0; !StdIn.isEmpty(); i++) {
String key = StdIn.readString();
st.put(key, i);
}
for (String s : st.levelOrder())
StdOut.println(s + " " + st.get(s));
StdOut.println();
for (String s : st.keys())
StdOut.println(s + " " + st.get(s));
}
}
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