What is a superscalar architecture? What are the similarities between a pipeline

Question

What is a superscalar architecture?

What are the similarities between a pipeline and a superscalar architecture? What is the ideal speedup of a superscalar architecture?

Why don’t superscalar architectures achieve their ideal speedups in practice?

What is out-of-order (ooo) execution and describe 2 different ways that ooo execution can be realized in a superscalar architecture?

Compare the instruction dependencies that can occur in an in-order execution pipeline vs. an ooo execution superscalar. In your answer explain whether the dependencies can or cannot occur in both and why.

What are the general advantages and disadvantages of loop unrolling? Explain how dynamic scheduling works using the scoreboard technique.

Why do you think Intel choose to implement its original x86 CISC ISA using sequences of RISC

micro-ops? Why do you think Intel didn’t just scrap the x86 CICS ISA and move to a RISC ISA? What is a VLIW processor? Why is it relevant in the discussion of superscalar architectures?

What is a vector (array) processor? Describe a typical microarchitecture for a vector processor

execution unit.

What is a co-processor? What are the similarities and differences between a co-processor and a superscalar execution unit?

Explanation / Answer

super scalar architecture / the super scalar is a kind of computer which is actually designed to improve the performance of the execution of the scalar instructions. (where a scalar is a variable thet can hold the value of only one atomic value at a time. (it can be anything like integer., real number). The scalar architecture can process only one data at a time.

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