The Canadian Forest Service wants to do a simple simulation of the growth and pr
ID: 3710006 • Letter: T
Question
The Canadian Forest Service wants to do a simple simulation of the growth and pruning of forests. Each forest has a name and exactly 10 trees. The trees are planted when they are 1' to 5' tall, and each tree has a individual growth rate of 50%-100% per year. For the simulation new trees are constructed randomly within these bounds. A forest is reaped (by lumberjacks) on demand - all trees above a specifed height are cut down and replaced with new trees.
The user interface to the simulation must allow the user to:
Display the current forest (with tree heights to 2 decimal places)
Discard the current forest and create a new forest
Simulate a year's growth in the current forest
Reap the current forest of trees over a user specified height, replacing the reaped trees with random new trees.
Save the information about the current forest to file (named after the forest)
Discard the current forest and load the information about a forest from a file.
The user interface must deal with invalid user input in a graceful way.
Here what a sample run should look like (with the keyboard input shown in italics) ...
You must:
Do an object oriented analysis and design.
Implement the program in Java. Restriction: Only the class containing the main method may have a Scanner object (the keyboard variable).
Explanation / Answer
package January;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
// Class ForestGroth definition
public class ForestGroth
{
// Scanner class object created to read data from console
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
// Random class object created
Random ran = new Random();
// To store forest name
String forestName;
// To store height of the tree
double treeHeight[] = new double[10];
// To store growth percentage
int growthPercent[] = new int[10];
// Minimum height of the tree
double minH = 1;
// Maximum height of the tree
double maxH = 5;
// Minimum percentage growth
int minP = 50;
// Maximum percentage growth
int maxP = 100;
// Method to display menu and return user choice
char displayMenu()
{
// To store user choice
char choice;
// Displays menu
System.out.println(" (D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it : ");
// Accepts user choice and stores the first character
choice = sc.next().charAt(0);
// Returns the choice
return choice;
}// End of method
// Method to generate tree height and percentage growth
void generateTree()
{
// Accepts the name of the forest
System.out.print(" What is the forest name : ");
forestName = sc.next();
// Loops 10 times for 10 trees
for(int x = 0; x < 10; x++)
{
// Generates random height
treeHeight[x] = minH + (maxH - minH) * ran.nextDouble();
// Generates random percentage growth
growthPercent[x] = ran.nextInt((maxP - minP) + 1) + minP;
}// End of for loop
}// End of method
// Method to display forest information
void displayTree()
{
// Displays name
System.out.println("Forest Name: " + forestName);
// Loops 10 times for 10 trees
for(int x = 0; x < 10; x++)
// Displays tree height and growth percentage
System.out.printf(" %d: %.2f (%d %%pa)", (x + 1), treeHeight[x], growthPercent[x]);
}// End of method
// Method to grow percentage of height of each tree per year
void growthYear()
{
// Loops 10 times for 10 trees
for(int x = 0; x < 10; x++)
// Calculates the growth percentage
treeHeight[x] = treeHeight[x] + treeHeight[x] * (growthPercent[x] / 100.0);
}// End of method
// Method to reap the tree based on the value entered by the user
void reapTree()
{
// Accept the height to reap
System.out.println(" What height to reap at: ");
double reap = sc.nextDouble();
// Loops 10 times for 10 trees
for(int x = 0; x < 10; x++)
{
// Checks if the current height of the tree is greater than or equals to the reap value entered by the user
if(treeHeight[x] >= reap)
{
// Displays cut tree height and growth percentage
System.out.printf(" Cut %d: %.2f (%d %%pa)", (x + 1), treeHeight[x], growthPercent[x]);
// Generates random height
treeHeight[x] = minH + (maxH - minH) * ran.nextDouble();
// Generates random percentage growth
growthPercent[x] = ran.nextInt((maxP - minP) + 1) + minP;
// Displays tree height and growth percentage
System.out.printf(" New %d: %.2f (%d %%pa)", (x + 1), treeHeight[x], growthPercent[x]);
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop
}// End of method
// Method to save the forest information into a file
void saveFile()
{
// try block begins
try
{
// Opens the file for writing
File file = new File(forestName + ".txt");
// Generates PrintWriter object for the file
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(file);
// Writes the forest name
pw.println(forestName);
// Loops 10 times for 10 trees
for(int x = 0; x < 10; x++)
{
// Writes the tree height and growth percentage for each tree
pw.printf("%f %d", treeHeight[x], growthPercent[x]);
// Checks if not last record write new line character
if(x != 9)
// Write new line character
pw.println();
}// End of for loop
// Close the file
pw.close();
}// End of try block
// Catch block to handle FileNotFoundException
catch(FileNotFoundException fe)
{
System.out.println("Cannot create file.");
}// End of catch block
}// End of method
// Method to load a file
void loadFFile()
{
// try block begins
try
{
// To store file name
String fileName;
int x = 0;
// Accepts the file name for reading
System.out.print(" What is the forest name : ");
fileName = sc.next();
// Scanner object created to read file contents
Scanner sc = new Scanner(new File(fileName));
// Reads the forest name and stores in instance variable
forestName = sc.next();
// Loops till data found
while(sc.hasNext())
{
// Extracts height of the tree and stores and stores in instance variable
treeHeight[x] = sc.nextDouble();
// Extracts growth percentage of the tree and stores and stores in instance variable
growthPercent[x] = sc.nextInt();
}// End of while loop
}// End of try block
// Catch block to handle FileNotFoundException
catch(FileNotFoundException fe)
{
System.out.println("Cannot open file for reading.");
}// End of catch block
}// End of method
// main method definition
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Declares ForestGroth class object
ForestGroth forestGrowth = new ForestGroth();
// Loops till user option is not 'e' or 'E'
do
{
// Calls the method to accept user choice
// switch will check the return user choice of the method displayMenu()
// And will call the other methods based on the user choice
switch(forestGrowth.displayMenu())
{
case 'd':
case 'D':
forestGrowth.displayTree();
break;
case 'n':
case 'N':
forestGrowth.generateTree();
break;
case 'y':
case 'Y':
forestGrowth.growthYear();
break;
case 'r':
case 'R':
forestGrowth.reapTree();
break;
case 's':
case 'S':
forestGrowth.saveFile();
break;
case 'l':
case 'L':
forestGrowth.loadFFile();
break;
case 'e':
case 'E':
System.out.println(" Goodbye");
System.exit(0);
default:
System.out.println(" ERROR: Invalid option.");
}// End of switch case
}while(true); // End of do - while loop
}// End of main method
}// End of class
Sample Output:
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
n
What is the forest name : Sherwood
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
d
Forest Name: Sherwood
1: 2.11 (85 %pa)
2: 3.16 (75 %pa)
3: 3.02 (70 %pa)
4: 3.47 (78 %pa)
5: 4.27 (100 %pa)
6: 3.17 (82 %pa)
7: 2.95 (83 %pa)
8: 2.36 (84 %pa)
9: 3.29 (97 %pa)
10: 2.53 (72 %pa)
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
y
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
d
Forest Name: Sherwood
1: 289.13 (85 %pa)
2: 277.55 (75 %pa)
3: 210.61 (70 %pa)
4: 349.23 (78 %pa)
5: 1092.66 (100 %pa)
6: 382.00 (82 %pa)
7: 370.64 (83 %pa)
8: 310.49 (84 %pa)
9: 745.51 (97 %pa)
10: 193.86 (72 %pa)
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
R
What height to reap at:
350
Cut 5: 1092.66 (100 %pa)
New 5: 2.69 (60 %pa)
Cut 6: 382.00 (82 %pa)
New 6: 1.74 (65 %pa)
Cut 7: 370.64 (83 %pa)
New 7: 1.14 (63 %pa)
Cut 9: 745.51 (97 %pa)
New 9: 1.03 (68 %pa)
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
s
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
n
What is the forest name : Chippewa
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
d
Forest Name: Chippewa
1: 2.15 (97 %pa)
2: 2.89 (56 %pa)
3: 3.92 (97 %pa)
4: 4.14 (99 %pa)
5: 1.15 (81 %pa)
6: 1.78 (56 %pa)
7: 2.74 (70 %pa)
8: 2.82 (86 %pa)
9: 4.75 (57 %pa)
10: 1.96 (60 %pa)
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
l
What is the forest name : Sherwood
Cannot create file.
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
l
What is the forest name : Sherwood.txt
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
d
Forest Name: Sherwood
1: 193.86 (72 %pa)
2: 2.89 (56 %pa)
3: 3.92 (97 %pa)
4: 4.14 (99 %pa)
5: 1.15 (81 %pa)
6: 1.78 (56 %pa)
7: 2.74 (70 %pa)
8: 2.82 (86 %pa)
9: 4.75 (57 %pa)
10: 1.96 (60 %pa)
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
t
ERROR: Invalid option.
(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :
E
Goodbye
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