Please prove the detailly answer for all the question blew, thank you very much.
ID: 3744066 • Letter: P
Question
Please prove the detailly answer for all the question blew, thank you very much.
1. List the five types of users identified in a database system and describe their individual interactions with database systems.
2. Consider the File Structure for the ABC Company Project Management data given below. Then, respond to each of the following questions related to the structure.
ProjectNum
ProjectName
EmpNum
EmpName
JobCode
Job_Chg_Hour
Proj_Hours
Emp_Phone
1001
Thunder
121
Daisy B. Burns
AB
80.00
14.2
773-555-1216
1001
Thunder
217
Alice M. Zane
CD
65.00
15.7
773-555-1216
1002
Chicago
821
Dean P. Pence
BD
95.00
14.4
773-555-1231
1002
Chicago
219
Cecily D. Worth
CD
80.00
17.2
773-555-1217
1003
Archimedes
222
Sami A. Allen
EH
65.00
24.9
773-555-8821
1003
Archimedes
121
Cecily D. Worth
AB
95.00
37.8
773-555-1219
1003
Archimedes
516
Denny T. Li
HW
80.00
22.2
773-555-2222
1004
Emerald
355
Danny T. Li
UG
65.00
19.7
773-555-2222
1005
Diamond
217
Alice M. Zane
CD
80.00
19.5
773-555-1216
1005
Diamond
222
Sami A. Allen
BD
95.00
22.3
773-555-8821
(a) List and discuss two additional fields that could or should appear on the above table structure.
(b) Identify and discuss the serious data redundancy problems exhibited by the file structure shown in the given data sheet.
ProjectNum
ProjectName
EmpNum
EmpName
JobCode
Job_Chg_Hour
Proj_Hours
Emp_Phone
1001
Thunder
121
Daisy B. Burns
AB
80.00
14.2
773-555-1216
1001
Thunder
217
Alice M. Zane
CD
65.00
15.7
773-555-1216
1002
Chicago
821
Dean P. Pence
BD
95.00
14.4
773-555-1231
1002
Chicago
219
Cecily D. Worth
CD
80.00
17.2
773-555-1217
1003
Archimedes
222
Sami A. Allen
EH
65.00
24.9
773-555-8821
1003
Archimedes
121
Cecily D. Worth
AB
95.00
37.8
773-555-1219
1003
Archimedes
516
Denny T. Li
HW
80.00
22.2
773-555-2222
1004
Emerald
355
Danny T. Li
UG
65.00
19.7
773-555-2222
1005
Diamond
217
Alice M. Zane
CD
80.00
19.5
773-555-1216
1005
Diamond
222
Sami A. Allen
BD
95.00
22.3
773-555-8821
Explanation / Answer
1. List the five types of users identified in a database system and describe their individual interactions with database systems.
Database users are the users who make use of a database in either direct or indirect way.
There are five types of database users.
1. Application Programmers - As the name itself suggests they are developers who communicate with the database through data manipulation queries. These Data Manipulation Queries are being converted into application programs like Java, C++, embedded SQL etc. Application programmers responsible for creating application programs that use the database.
Example: Writing an application program for creating a report of the users who bought items worth more than 2000 rupees over 2 months.
2. End Users - End users are those who use the database from the front end and they do not have subject knowledge of design and working of the database.
Example: Normal end user who registers into the database and logins to order few items. End users also called as standalone users.
3.Sophisticated Users - These are the users who directly interact with the database. Unlike application programmers, they do not use application programs to interact with the database. These users have a wide knowledge of using the database. They are Database designers and developers.
Example: Database Designers
4. Specialized users - They are sophisticated users but they create their own specialized application programs and database to meet their demands.
Example: Data Scientists
5. Naive users - These users use existing applications to communicate with the database. They also do not have much knowledge about a database.
Example: ATM users
(a) List and discuss two additional fields that could or should appear on the above table structure.
Project_Manager_ID and Client_ID will be much relevant data fields which are missing. Each and every project should be managed by a manager to complete it within a given period of time. The Client_ID is also much relevant in the database schema to keep track of which project is being associated to which client. Prototyping, Clarification, Iterations etc must be communicated to the client. Therefore, this is necessary.
(b) Identify and discuss the serious data redundancy problems exhibited by the file structure shown in the given data sheet.
The database schema is not normalized which leads to data incosistency and data redundancy. There are only 5 Projects (1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005) but in the database there are 9 records wherein all these details are repeated.
An employee may be associated with more than one project, the details of employee is being duplicated for multiple rows. For an instance, 217 and 121.
Even Job Code and Employee phone number is being replicated.
If there are 100 projects and there are 50 employees who work with 100 projects, can you imagine how much data is being duplicated?
If the details of one employee needed to be modified but it may so happen the data might get duplicated if the employee is associated with multiple projects.
Data might become corrupt and highly redundant in this schema.
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