Given a network address of 192.168.100.0 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192, H

Question

Given a network address of 192.168.100.0 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192,

How many subnets are created? -4

How many hosts (i.e., possible addresses) are there per subnet? - 64 but you have to subtract 2 so you get 62 instead

Write down the IP address of all subnets created in (a) of the above problem. Among the addresses of each subnet in (b), one would be reserved for broadcasting (will be discussed in Chapter 21 Internetwork Operation) and another is actually the network ID of the subnet itself. If two are deducted, how many are available to be used as a host address in each such subnet?

*Need help with this last question

Explanation / Answer

Given IP address is 192.168.100.0 -(i)
and subnet mask is 255.255.255.192 -(ii)
(a)

To get subnet address, we perform bits AND operation between IP address and subnet mask as below-
11000000.10101000.01100100.00000000
AND
11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
--------------------------------------------------------
11000000.10101000.01100100.00000000

From (i), we can see 2 bits are for Network address and 6 bits are for Host address-

First Subnet address - > 11000000.10101000.01100100.00 | 000000 ~ 192.168.100.0
First host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.00 | 000001 ~ 192.168.100.1
Last host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.00 | 111111 ~ 192.168.100.63 (BROADCAST ADDRESS)

Second Subnet address -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.01 | 000000 ~ 192.168.100.64
First host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.00 | 000001 ~ 192.168.100.65
Last host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.00 | 111111 ~ 192.168.100.127 (BROADCAST ADDRESS)

Third Subnet address -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.10 | 000000 ~ 192.168.100.128
First host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.10 | 000001 ~ 192.168.100.129
Last host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.10 | 111111 ~ 192.168.100.191 (BROADCAST ADDRESS)

Fourth Subnet address -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.11 | 000000 ~ 192.168.100.192
First host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.11 | 000001 ~ 192.168.100.129
Last host -> 11000000.10101000.01100100.11 | 111111 ~ 192.168.100.255 (BROADCAST ADDRESS)

We can also get host count and network address count from bits allocated for both-

(b)

How many host for each subnet- 2^6 => 64
1 for subnet
and 1 for broadcasting
Therefore total number of host for each subnet => 64-2 = 62

nks.

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