2. Report A decision is a choice made from two or more alternatives. The decisio

Question

2. Report

A decision is a choice made from two or more alternatives. The decision-making process is a set of eight steps that include identifying a problem, selecting an alternative, and evaluating the decision’s effectiveness.

2.1. Step 1: Identifying a problem.

A problem is a discrepancy between an existing and a desired state of affairs. In order to identify a problem, you as a manager should recognize and understand the three characteristics of problems.

The problem is:

Your organisation is growing fast and it is outgrowing your organisational premises (for example: Shop, Office, or University). Therefore you are to expand or find new premises to accommodate the organisations needs and goals.

2.2. Step 2: Identifying decision criteria.

Decision criteria are criteria that define what is relevant in a decision.

2.3. Step 3: Allocating weights to the criteria.

The criteria identified in Step 2 of the decision-making process do not have equal importance, so the decision maker must assign a weight to each of the items in order to give each item accurate priority in the decision.

2.4. Step 4: Developing alternatives.

The decision maker must now identify viable alternatives that could resolve the problem.

2.5. Step 5: Analyzing alternatives.

Each of the alternatives must now be critically analyzed by evaluating it against the criteria established in steps 2 and 3. From the assigned values of each alternative, multiply the weighting for each alternative.

2.6. Step 6: Selecting an alternative.

Select the best alternative from those identified and assessed is critical. If criteria weights have been used, the decision maker simply selects the alternative that received the highest score in Step 5.

2.7. Step 7: Implementing the alternative.

The selected alternative must be implemented by effectively communicating the decision to the individuals who will be affected by it and winning their commitment to the decision.

2.8. Step 8: Evaluating decision effectiveness.

This last step in the decision-making process assesses the result of the decision to determine whether or not the problem has been resolved.

3. Conclusion

Summarise and conclude your report.

4. References (Harvard system)

Ensure that all material, quotes, etc. are referenced in the approved manner using the Harvard citation method. An explanation of the Harvard citation method is included at the end of this assignment handout.

Explanation / Answer

Advantages of Group Decision Making

Group decision building gives two advantages over decisions create by individuals: synergy and sharing of information. Synergy is the idea that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. When a group reaches a decision collectively, its judgment can be keener than that of any of its members.

Through discussion, questioning, and collaboration, group members can know more complete and robust solutions and character.

The sharing of information among group members is a different advantage of the group decision-making process. Group decisions take into account a full scope of information since each group member may contribute unusual information and expertise. deal information can develop understanding, explain issues, and help movement toward a collective decision.

Disadvantages of Group Decision Making

Diffusion of Responsibility

One possible problem of group decision-making is that it can produce a diffusion of responsibility that occur in a lack of accountability for outcomes. In a sense, if everybody is responsible for a decision, then no one is. furthermore, group decisions can make it carefully for members to deny private responsibility and blame another for effective decisions.

Lower Efficiency

Group decisions can also be mean efficient than those made by an individual. Group decisions can take extra time because there is the element of participation, discussion, and coordination with group members. Without good facilitation and structure, meetings can take bogged down in small details that may mean a lot to one person but not to the others.

Groupthink

One of the high inhibitors of active group decision making is groupthink. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that happen within a group of people in which the passion for harmony or conformity results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. By isolating themselves from external influences and actively suppressing dissenting position in the interest of minimizing conflict, group members join a consent decision without critical evaluation of choice viewpoints.

Loyalty to the group want individuals to withdraw raising controversial stocks or alternative solutions, and there is a damage of individual creativity, uniqueness, and independent thinking. The dysfunctional group dynamics of the in-group present an illusion of invulnerability. Thus the in-group significantly overrates its own decision-making abilities and significantly underestimate the abilities of its enemy (the out-group). Furthermore, groupthink can play dehumanizing claim against the out-group.

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