Experiments Step 1: In this experiment you will investigate a program that conta

Question

Experiments

Step 1: In this experiment you will investigate a program that contains two functions which are perfect candidates to be implemented as a function template. Enter, save, compile and execute the following program in MSVS. Call the new project “FunctionTemplateExp” and the program “FunctionTemplate.cpp”.    Answer the questions below:

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

void swap1(int &a, int &b)

{

       int temp = a;

       a = b;

       b = temp;

}

void swap1(string &a, string &b)

{

       string temp = a;

       a = b;

       b = temp;

}

void swap1(char &a, char&b)

{

       char temp = a;

       a = b;

       b = temp;

}

int main( )

{

       string x = "first", y = "second";

       int m = 10, n = 20;

       char q = 'Q', r = 'R';

       cout<<"x before swap called = "<<x<<" and y before swap called = "<<y<<endl;

       swap1(x,y);

       cout<<"x after swap called = "<<x<<" and y after swap called = "<<y<<endl<<endl;

       cout<<"m before swap called = "<<m<<" and n before swap called = "<<n<<endl;

       swap1(m,n);

       cout<<"m after swap called = "<<m<<" and n after swap called = "<<n<<endl<<endl;

       cout<<"q before swap called = "<<q<<" and r before swap called = "<<r<<endl;

       swap1(q,r);

       cout<<"q after swap called = "<<q<<" and r after swap called = "<<r<<endl<<endl;

       return 0;

}

Question 1:Please explain the output of the program in Step 1?

Question 2:Please examine the three different swap functions in Step 1, and state any similarities and/or differences you observe?

Question 3:Write a function template declaration for a function with the following characteristics:

the function name is “Tester3”;

the function return type is character;

there are two template parameters, a_type and b_type;

there are four formal parameters: x (a_type), y (b_type), w (b_type) and m (b_type).

Question 4:Write a function template declaration replacing the three different swap1 functions in Step 1:

Explanation / Answer

Question 1:

Output:

Explaination :

The program has used three overloading functions swap1,swap2 and swap3 to swap two integers,swap two strings and swap two characters .

Overloading functions work according the type of parameters passed. So for strings it will take temp variable of type string and use it to swap the strings passed .

Question 2:

Similarities:

Differences

Question 3:

template <typename a_type,typename b_type>

char Tester3(a_type x,b_type y, b_type w,b_type m);

Question 4:

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

template <typename T>
void Swap(T &a, T &b)
{
   T temp;
   temp = a;
   a = b;
   b = temp;
}

int main( )

{

       string x = "first", y = "second";

       int m = 10, n = 20;

       char q = 'Q', r = 'R';

       cout<<"x before swap called = "<<x<<" and y before swap called = "<<y<<endl;

       Swap(x,y);

       cout<<"x after swap called = "<<x<<" and y after swap called = "<<y<<endl<<endl;

       cout<<"m before swap called = "<<m<<" and n before swap called = "<<n<<endl;

       Swap(m,n);

       cout<<"m after swap called = "<<m<<" and n after swap called = "<<n<<endl<<endl;

       cout<<"q before swap called = "<<q<<" and r before swap called = "<<r<<endl;

       Swap(q,r);

       cout<<"q after swap called = "<<q<<" and r after swap called = "<<r<<endl<<endl;

       return 0;

}

Output:

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