due March 13th The purpose of this assignment is to give you practice with const

Question

due March 13th The purpose of this assignment is to give you practice with constuctors, friend functions, static data members, static member functions and overloaded operators. Program Overview You are to write a String class with the necessary constructors and overloaded operator functions that makes use of the requisite main() function to produce the output below. Requirements The program will be tested using the main() listed below. The String class must contain: one non-static data member, a char* pointer. one static data member to keep a count of the number of a characters contained in all of the String objects in existence. 3 constructors. The default constuctor, a copy constructor and one other constructor. necessary overloaded operator functions a static member function that returns the number of a characters in all of the String objects in existence. a overloaded insertion operator friend function, used to print a String object. For this assignment you may NOT use the string class. The Required main() function int main() { // Constructors String A("apple"); String B("banana"); String C("cantaloupe"); String D(B); String E; // static member function cout << "Number of a's = " << String::a_count() << endl << endl; // Overloaded insertion operator cout << "A = " << A << endl; cout << "B = " << B << endl; cout << "C = " << C << endl; cout << "D = " << D << endl; cout << "E = " << E << endl << endl; // Relational operators cout << boolalpha; cout << "A < B " << (A < B) << endl; cout << "B < A " << (B < A) << endl; cout << "A == B " << (A == B) << endl << endl; // Assignment operator A = B; cout << "A = " << A << endl; cout << "A == B " << (A == B) << endl << endl; // Size (bang) operator cout << "A size = " << !A << endl; cout << "E size = " << !E << endl << endl; // Unary * operator cout << "C text = " << *C << endl << endl; // Plus operator cout << "A + B = " << A + B << endl << endl; // Plus equal operator A += C; cout << "A = " << A << endl << endl; // Index operator cout << "A[3] = " << A[3] << endl << endl; // static member function cout << "Number of a's = " << String::a_count() << endl; } Program Output Your output should look like the following. Number of a's = 9 A = apple B = banana C = cantaloupe D = banana E = A < B true B < A false A == B false A = banana A == B true A size = 6 E size = 0 C text = cantaloupe A + B = bananabanana A = bananacantaloupe A[3] = a Number of a's = 13 Program Hint Write and test one function at a time. Perform thorough testing, not just the the required main().

Explanation / Answer

There are many methods to implement here. I have implemented few methods and provided
a working program for you to continue implementing.

You need to only implement the required overloaded methods.

Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include<stdio.h>

using namespace std;

class String{

   // char pointer and static variable declared here.
   private:
       char *p;
       static int cnt;
      
   public:
  
       // default Constructor
       String(){
           p = NULL;
       }
      
       // parameterized constructor
       String(char *s){
           p = new char;
           p = s;
           cnt += sizeof(p);
       }
      
       // Copy constructor
       String(const String &s){
           p = new char;
           p = s.p;
           cnt += sizeof(p);
       }
      
       // returns number of char in all the instances of this class.
       static int a_count(){
           return cnt;
       }
      
       // overloaded operator <
       bool operator <(const String& d) {
           if (strcmp(p, d.p) == 0) {
               return true;
           }             
           return false;
       }
      
       // overloaded operator <<
       friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const String& dt)
{
os << dt.p;
return os;
}  
};

// initialize static variable cnt to zero.
int String::cnt = 0;

int main() {
   // Constructors
   String A("apple");
   String B("banana");
   String C("cantaloupe");
   String D(B);
   String E;
   // static member function
   cout << "Number of a's = " << String::a_count() << endl << endl;

   // Overloaded insertion operator
   cout << "A = " << A << endl;
   cout << "B = " << B << endl;
   cout << "C = " << C << endl;
   cout << "D = " << D << endl;

   // Relational operators
   //cout << boolalpha;
   cout << "A < B " << (A < B) << endl;
   cout << "B < A " << (B < A) << endl;
}

OUTPUT:

$ g++ -o main *.cpp
$ ./a.out
Number of a's = 32
  
A = apple   
B = banana
C = cantaloupe
D = banana
A < B 0   
B < A 0   

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