I need an explanation for these commands used on Cisco packet tracer. Router Con

Question

I need an explanation for these commands used on Cisco packet tracer.

Router Configuration Commands used in lab:

Router>enable

Router#configure t

Router(config)#hostname R01

R01(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R01(config-subif)#no shutdown

   Enters the fastEthernet0/0 interface of the the router.

R01(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.10

R01(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0

R01(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10

R01(config-subif)#no shutdown

R01(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.20

R01(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0

R01(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20

R01(config-subif)#no shutdown

R01(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.30

R01(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0

R01(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 30

R01(config-subif)#no shutdown

R01(config)#interface serial 2/0

R01(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R01(config-if)#clock rate 128000

R01(config-if)#bandwidth 128

R01(config-if)#no shutdown

R01(config)#ip dhcp pool Vlan10

R01(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0

R01(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.254

R01(dhcp-config)#dns-server 11.11.11.11

R01(config)#ip dhcp pool Vlan20

R01(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0

R01(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.20.254

R01(dhcp-config)#dns-server 11.11.11.11

R01(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 2/0

Explanation / Answer

These commands are entered on the Command Line Intreface or the CLI of the router.

Starting from the top, configure t lets you make commands to the router to configure its terminal. That is what the 't' stands for - terminal. Once you enter this command you enter the interface of the router.

Now a router may have as many interfaces as many connections it has with other devices on the network. We have to switch from CLI for some time to enter the static(non changeable) I.P. adress of the devices connected to its interface in the configuration interface tab which is located just next to the CLI tab if you ever noticed.

After statically providing I.P. adress to all the interfaces we have to return to the CLI and type "no shutdown" so that the link that you just established on its interface stays up even after you closes the CLI for that router.

Before "no shutdown" you provide information regarding the encapsulation technique you want to use to encrypt the data packets that will travel through the network you are configuring.

We have to repeat these steps for all the interfaces of the router which have a device connected to it.

In the end we can make seperate Virtual LANs which can virtually partition our complete network into sub parts. The last 2 commands of the data given above configure the Virtual LANs in the network by providing a router whose connecting devices would form a separate partition on the network, being identified as "default router", along with the dns information.

I hope this much details help.

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