Section 1: True/False, (1 point each) Even small local networks require dynamic

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Section 1: True/False, (1 point each)

Even small local networks require dynamic routing software. ______

Default routes are rarely used in modern routing because IP needs more information. ______

Routers have no need for TCP software because they only use IP to reframe packets. ______

If an incoming packet exceeds the MTU of the network, the receiving router will send an ICMP rejection message.    ______

Link State Routing can use many metrics to measure best route distance. ______

Most Internet backbone hardware is compatible with IPv4 and IPv6. ______

Stateful file servers keep track of all open files and client connections. ______

A UDP packet will ALWAYS be encapsulated as the payload of an IP packet. _____

Authorative DNS servers are often set as non-recursive (forwarder) to reduce the overhead of answering client queries ______

Ethernet uses Collision Avoidance (CA) to prevent collisions between packets. ______

Fragmentation may occur during the re-framing process at a router. ______

Connecting too many hosts to an Ethernet can result in network failures through Broadcast Storms. ______

Interior Gateway Protocols are used to connect Automous Systems (AS)es across the Internet. ______

Cabling is projected to increase in bandwidth by a factor of 100 between 2011 and 2015. _____

Email address spoofing cannot be done from a standard PC. It requires special hardware and software ______

Section 2: Short Answer, (2 points each)

What type of address is used by an Ethernet frame to deliver a packet?      _____________________

What protocol is used to automatically configure network cards of client PCs? __________________

What command line tool would you use to obtain Ethernet statistics by protocol? _______________

How does wireless networking prevent packet collisions? __________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A command line network utility that will list hops (routers) between endpoints of an internet connection ________________________________________________________________________

What is the address 127.0.0.1 used for? _________________________________________________

Record that defines a DNS zone. _______________________________________________________

TShark and tcpdump are examples of what type of software? ________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

A host computer often stores the MAC addresses of other hosts on the same network locally. What is the name of that local store? _________________________________________________________

What DNS record details server IP addresses that are allowed to send Email for a domain? __________________________________________________________________________________

What freeware software can be used to set up a low cost VPN? ______________________________

Internet sites that keep current listing of domains and IP addresses thought to be malicious or dangerous. ________________________________________________________________________

What is the protocol extension to SNMP developed by Cisco which tracks all hardware connections by source, destination, port, and type? __________________________________________________

A DNS record PAIR that specifies the use of encrypted signatures for a domain’s Email
__________________________________________________________________________________

Type of DNS server that will automatically refer you to another server if it cannot answer a query. __________________________________________________________________________________

Section 3: Short Essay, (40 points)

Version 4 of the Network File System went to TCP instead of UDP. Explain the difference between these 2 protocols. (8 points)

What are the 3 parts of an Email message and what are the purposes of each one? (8 points)

When a client needs to learn the IP address associated with a host name it uses the DNS system to get an answer. Explain (in detail) the process of retrieving an unknown IP address. (14 points)

Briefly list and explain 4 major differences between Windows and UNIX/Linux networks (10)

Section 4: CIDR addressing, (16 points each)

If a router is attached to a network with a base IP address of 198.10.0.0/20 and receives a packet addressed to 198.10.10.144, answer the following questions:

What is the network mask used by the router? (in dotted decimal or binary)
__________________________________________________________________________

What is the network portion of the incoming packets IP address?
__________________________________________________________________________

What is the hardware address portion of the IP address?
__________________________________________________________________________

Will the packet be forwarded into its base network? _______________________________

Explanation / Answer

a. Ans: False. Static routing is basically used on very small networks where the number of paths to be configured is very less.But Dynamic routing is used for coping up with the network change as the topology changes.

b.Default routes are rarely used in modern routing because IP needs more information. ______

Ans: False.

Routers have no need for TCP software because they only use IP to reframe packets
Ans: True.

If an incoming packet exceeds the MTU of the network, the receiving router will send an ICMP rejection message. ______

Ans: False

Link State Routing can use many metrics to measure best route distance.

Ans: True. link-state routers generally exchange messages to learn the entire network topology. Based on this study, each router computes its routing and finds best route.

Most Internet backbone hardware is compatible with IPv4 and IPv6
Ans: True.

Stateful file servers keep track of all open files and client connections
Ans: True.Stateful server remembers state from one request to another.

A UDP packet will ALWAYS be encapsulated as the payload of an IP packet.

Ans: False.

Authorative DNS servers are often set as non-recursive (forwarder) to reduce the overhead of answering client queries ______

Ans: False

Ethernet uses Collision Avoidance (CA) to prevent collisions between packets. ______
Ans: True.

Fragmentation may occur during the re-framing process at a router. ______

Ans: True. Some times it occures.

Connecting too many hosts to an Ethernet can result in network failures through Broadcast Storms. ______
Ans: True.

Interior Gateway Protocols are used to connect Automous Systems (AS)es across the Internet. ______

Ans: True

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