The expression of rRNA and ribosomal proteins in E. coli is balanced very carefu

Question

The expression of rRNA and ribosomal proteins in E. coli is balanced very carefully. This is to produce equivalent amounts of the ribosome constituents. Consider a ribosomal protein that binds to a specific sequence of 16S rRNA in the ribosome. The translation of the mRNA encoding this protein is inhibited if there is excess protein realtive to 16S rRNA in a cell. However, increasing transcription of the gene encoding the 16S rRNA stops the inhibition. Provide a simple model that accoutns for how the synthesis of the ribosomal protein is regulated so the quantity is equivalent to the quantity of 16S rRNA. HINT: Remember that this protein's normal function is to bind to RNA.

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Explanation / Answer

Certain ribosomal proteins (r proteins) in Escherichia coli function as feedback repressors in the regulation of r-protein synthesis. These proteins inhibit the translation of their own mRNA i.e. the model of translational feedback regulation of r-protein synthesis can be proposed here. The regulation by repressor r proteins is based on competition between rRNA and mRNA for them and that this competition for r-protein binding involves the same structural features of r proteins. Thus, when enough proteins are bound to r RNA the feed back loop senses the requrement of the protein and the translation begins.

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