Consider a normal individual who quickly goes from a supine posture to an erect

Question

Consider a normal individual who quickly goes from a supine posture to an erect one. Predict the changes (increase/decrease/no change) that will occur in the following cardiovascular parameters. Choose 2 (two) and give a complete reason for your answer. Citations are not required, but may be instrumental for making your case with your answer. (4 points, 2 point for each. Be complete in your explanation)

a.     Stroke Volume (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

        b. Heart Rate (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

        c. Cardiac Output (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

        d. Total Peripheral Resistance (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

        e. Pressure at the root (beginning) of the aorta (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

        f. Arterial pressure in foot (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

        g. Capillary pressure in foot (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

        h. Arterial pressure in cerebral blood vessels (increase/decrease/no change) - Why?

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

a) Increases, Standing up increases the venous pooling of blood in the most dependent parts of the body.

b) Increases

c) Decreases

d) Increases

e)

f)Despite changes in the physiologic environment and stroke volume, reflex responses ensure that there is little change in the arterial pressure.

g) increass

h) Increases.

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