Question 21 McGregor implies that managers who use Theory X assumptions are \'go

Question

Question 21

McGregor implies that managers who use Theory X assumptions are 'good' and those who use Theory Y assumptions are 'bad'.

   True or False

   Question 22 2.5

Process theories of motivation are explanations that emphasize people's internal characteristics.

   True or False

   Question 23

A reward that consists of the elimination of an undesirable consequence of behavior is:

  a. extinction

  b. negative reinforcement

c. punishment

  d. termination

  e. positive reinforcement

   Question 24

Argyris' continuum of needs is primarily a subjective explanation of human needs.

   True or False

   Question 25

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, once someone has fulfilled his social needs, he would then be motivated to meet his:

   a. security needs

   b.esteem needs

   c.self-actualization needs

   d.physiological needs

   e. none; social needs complete the sequence of satisfaction

Explanation / Answer

Answer 21. False.

For McGregor, in order to achieve the most efficient production, a combination of both X and Y theories may be appropriate. A manager may need to take both approaches depending on the given circumstances and personalities.

Answer 22. True

Answer 23. b. Negative Reinforcement

Extinction: reduction to zero in the intensity

Negative reinforcement: occurs when a certain stimulus (usually an aversive stimulus) is removed after a particular behavior is exhibited.

Punishment: the infliction or imposition of a penalty as retribution for an offence

Termination: the action of closing / ending something

Positive Reinforcement: the addition of a reward following a desired behavior

Answer 24. True

Argyris believed that managers should realize that workers want added duties, range of tasks, and the ability to contribute in decisions.

Answer 25. b. esteem needs

As per Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the basic - higher needs spans from:

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