Describe the regulation of one cardiac cycle and mechanics of gas exchange at th

Question

Describe the regulation of one cardiac cycle and mechanics of gas exchange at the capillary level during exercise. Include how electrical impulses are conducted through the heart and how they relate to the opening and closing of valves, contraction and relaxation of myocardial tissue, volume and pressure changes in each of the chambers of the heart during each phase of the cardiac cycle, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange at the alveoli level as well as how metabolic waste (ex. CO2) drives repiration. Please be as specific as you can be ...

Explanation / Answer

A single cardiac cycle includes one complete relaxation and contraction of the atria and ventricles that last for nearly 0.8 seconds. The cardiac cycle begins with diastole, AV (Atrioventricular) node initiates a signal of contraction starting from article to venticles, in which blood flows passively from veins into the ateria and passes through atrivoventricular valves into ventricles. Here the oxygenated blood is carried by pulmonary veins to heart. During this passover, the atria start contraction followed by its deplorization to pass into the ventricles. Then signal of contraction passes to another pacemaker, SA (sinoaricular) node that lie between the ventricular chambers of the heart. The ventricles begin contraction due to the increased pressure inthe chambers. The increase in the pressure of ventricles opens two semilunar valves to pass blood into the pulmonary trunk and aorta, which is termed as ventricular ejection phase or ventricular repolarization. Here, the blood is carried to all the body parts. The deoxygenrated blood is carried to lungs through pulmonay artery for gaseous exchange. After this repolarization, ventricles begin to relaxation allowing atria to moves blood into the venticles by opening aterioventicular valves. Like this entire cardiac cycle compelets.

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