Kathy notices that most of her coworkers take extended lunch breaks. Kathy doesn
ID: 463524 • Letter: K
Question
Kathy notices that most of her coworkers take extended lunch breaks. Kathy doesn't do this, but feels she is therefore justified in working a little less hard during the day. Kathy's decision to work “less hard” is best explained by the __________ theory of motivation. (Points : 3.75) Acquired needs.
Expectancy.
Equity.
Two-factor.
Goal-setting.
__________ of motivation emphasize the he process of controlling an individual's behavior by manipulating its consequences. (Points : 3.75) Attitude-linked theories.
Reinforcement theories.
Content theories.
Personality-linked theories.
Process theories.
The exercise titled "What Workers Want?" discussed in class revealed that managers overestimate the importance that workers place on ___________. (Points : 3.75) "feeling in" on things.
appreciation shown
high wages
All of the above
In the two-factor theory of motivation, __________ are associated with the job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. (Points : 3.75) Satisfier factors.
Affiliation factors.
Existence factors.
Relatedness factors.
Hygiene factors.
Which of the following content theories of motivation is associated with the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power? (Points : 3.75) Hierarchy of needs theory.
Two-factor theory.
Motivation-hygiene theory.
ERG theory.
Acquired needs theory.
The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when __________. (Points : 3.75) Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are all high.
Valence is high and expectancy and instrumentality are low.
Expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero.
Instrumentality is high and expectancy and valence are low.
Expectancy is high and instrumentality and valence are low.
Explanation / Answer
1. Correct answer the equity theory.According to the equity theory when any person percieve any inequity in their work ralationship they are motivated to restore equity.When attempting to reduce inequity the person may try many alternatives,one of those being trying to alter his/her inputs.When cathy decided to work less hard she attempted to reduce her input in order to attain equity with her co-workers.
2. Correct answer is reinforcement theory.The reinforcement theory focuses on observing individuals to see which work related outcomes are highly valued and then the apparent motivation of employees are changed by providing a systematic set of consequences to shape behaviour
3.Correct answer is all of the above
4.Correct answer is Hygiene factors.In the two factor theory of motivation,among the two factors the hygiene facors are associated with job context like company policy,security,status,working condition,salary etc and the motivator factors are associated with job contexts like achievement,recognition,responsibility,growth,advancement etc.
5. Correct answer is Acquired needs theory.Advocated by David c McCelland the acquired needs theory concieve that each person has three need that motivate behaviour-power,affiliation and achievement,but people differ in the degree to which the various needs motivate their behaviour.
6. Correct answer is Expectancy,instrumentality and valence are all high.According to the expectancy theory if any one of these variable is low motivation is likely to be low.So,it is to be ensured that all of the three factors are high so that employees will be highly motivated.
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