Q1. If the frequency of the HbS allele is 0.4 in a population, what is the frequ
ID: 47290 • Letter: Q
Question
Q1. If the frequency of the HbS allele is 0.4 in a population, what is the frequency of the HbA allele (assuming this is a two-allele system)?
Q2. In the case study in this lab, which genotype is represented by "2pq" in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
Homozygous HbAHomozygous HbSHeterozygous HbA/HbSNo specific genotype
Q3. Suppose that the proportion of individuals in a village who have sickle-cell anemia is 0.2 (2 of every 10 people). What proportion of the population should be sickle-cell carriers (i.e., individuals with only one copy of the sickle-cell allele), according to Hardy-Weinberg expectations?
Q4. In the same village, what proportion of the population should have no copies of the sickle-cell allele, according to Hardy-Weinberg expectations?
Q5. In the first section of the lab when you simulated eliminating malaria from a village with mosquitos, why did the frequency of the HbS allele decrease?
The frequency of the HbS allele decreased because villagers were no longer dying from sickle-cell anemia.The frequency of the HbS allele decreased because there was no longer any advantage to having one copy of it.The frequency of the HbS allele decreased because natural selection was no longer acting on it.The frequency of the HbS allele decreased because alleles associated with genetic diseases eventually disappear.
Q6. Someone has handed you the following graph of changes in the frequency of one allele in a population over time. Based on the graph and without any other information, which of the following makes the most reasonable hypothesis?
The allele does not offer any selective advantage and the population is small.The allele does not offer any selective advantage and the population is large.The allele offers a selective advantage and the population is large.The allele started at a very low frequency and the population is large.
Use the following passage to answer the next four questions.
It has been hypothesized that people who are heterozygous for the allele that causes the deadly genetic condition cystic fibrosis (which, among other symptoms, reduces fertility) are more resistant to the deadly disease tuberculosis.
Q7. If the cystic fibrosis allele protects against tuberculosis, then which of the following should be true of a comparison between regions with and without tuberculosis?
Cystic fibrosis deaths should be more common in the regions with tuberculosis.Cystic fibrosis deaths should be less commmon in the regions with tuberculosis.Cystic fibrosis deaths should be equally common in regions with and without tuberculosis, because tuberculosis is not a genetic disease.Cystic fibrosis deaths should be equally common in regions with and without tuberculosis, because cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease.
Q8. A person carrying the cystic fibrosis allele moves to a very small and isolated community where there were no previous carriers of that allele. If the cystic fibrosis allele protects against tuberculosis, what should happen to the frequency of that allele over time, and why?
The cystic fibrosis allele should disappear from the population, because just one individual with the allele is not enough for it to spread.The cystic fibrosis allele should increase to a relatively high frequency in the population, because heterozygotes with the allele will be more likely to survive than others.The cystic fibrosis allele should remain at the same frequency from one generation to the next, due to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The cystic fibrosis allele should either disappear or increase in frequency, depending on a combination of chance and on how common (and deadly) tuberculosis is in the community.
Use the following passage to answer the next two questions.
Suppose you travel to the future, to a time when cystic fibrosis and tuberculosis have not caused any deaths for many generations. In all the populations you visit, the cystic fibrosis allele still exists at a low frequency.
Q9. You are first in a huge city with millions of people. If you were to start sampling the cystic fibrosis allele from one generation to the next, what should happen to its frequency over the next few generations, and why?
The allele frequency should change a lot from one generation to the next due to random genetic drift.The allele frequency should not change much from one generation to the next because the population is large.The allele frequency should steadily increase due to natural selection.The allele frequency should steadily decrease due to natural selection.
Q10. In the future world, you next visit in a tiny isolated community with very few people. If you were to start sampling the cystic fibrosis allele from one generation to the next, what should happen to its frequency over time, and why?
The allele frequency should change a lot from one generation to the next due to random genetic drift.The allele frequency should not change much from one generation to the next because the population is small.The allele frequency should steadily increase due to natural selection.The allele frequency should steadily decrease due to natural selection.
Explanation / Answer
1). Hardy and Weinberg mathematically proved that in a population, all dominant and recessive alleles comprise all alleles for that gene.
This was mathematically represented as p+ q = 1.0
Where,
p = frequency of dominant alleles
q = frequency of recessive alleles.
Given that the frequency of recessive alleles is = 0.4
Hnece the frequency of dominant alleles = 1 - 0.4 = 0.6
The frequency of HbA allele = 0.6
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