Which of the following explain how and why the rate of evaporation of a pure liq

Question

Which of the following explain how and why the rate of evaporation of a pure liquid depends on the intermoleculer forces?

1. the weaker the intermoleculer forces, the greater the kinetic energy needed for a molecule to escape the surface, and the smaller number of molecules in the population have this energy.

2. the stronger the intermolecular forces, the greater the kinetic energy needed for a molecule to escape the surface, the smaller number of molecules in the population that have this energy

3. the weaker the intermolecular forces, the greater the kinetic energy needed for a molecule to ionize into the gas phase, and the smaller the number of molecules in the population that have this energy

Explanation / Answer

In order to evaporate the molecules we need to provide energy in the form of heat.

Molecules present at the surface of the liquid, will first evaporate.

Process : Molecules at the surface of the liquid has attractive force with the inner liquid and when it kinetic energy of the molecule is high enough to overcome this attraction , molecules escapes from the surface.

When the attraction force is high then kinetic energy required is very high and therefore second statement is correct.

2. the stronger the intermolecular forces, the greater the kinetic energy needed for a molecule to escape the surface, the smaller number of molecules in the population that have this energy

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