A simple rate law for the reactions occurring in this experiment is given in equ

Question

A simple rate law for the reactions occurring in this experiment is given in equation (2). Use this rate law to explain your observations during the course of this experiment. Reaction Rate k(H (SAmetall" (2) where, Rxn. Rate rate of appearance of Ha(g) specific rate constant IH l concentration of H in solution ISAmrel surface area of metal order of reaction with respect to each reactant SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Safety goggles and apron must be worn at all times. Acid solutions are corrosive. Immediately wash all spills with excess water and inform the Teaching Assistant. Do not use the Bunsen burner during any part of this experiment. Highly flammable Hz(g) is produced during the course of this experiment. Do not cap the liquid waste container. Hydrogen gas produced within could cause the container to burst if capped. Procedure A. NATURE OF THE REACTANTS 1. Effect of Acid Reactant: Place four small, clean, dry test tubes in a test tube rack and add to each, respectively, 1mL of the following dilute acids: hydrochloric, acetic, sulfuric, and phosphoric. Obtain four pieces of mossy zinc of approximately equal size. Carefully drop a single piece of mossy zincinto each test tube. Qualitatively observe the rate at which hydrogen gas is evolved. a. In the space below, rank the four acids according to their relative reaction rates with mossy zinc. Slowest b. In terms of the nature of the acid, give an explanation for the observed relative reaction

Explanation / Answer

A) Nature of Reactants:

1. Effect of Acid Reactants:

a) Thus, the order reaction rates;

Sulphuric acid > Nitric Acid > Hydrochloric Acid > Acetic Acid

b) The reaction of Metal and Acids gives metal salts and Hydrogen gas is evolved. The rate of reaction can easily be calculated experimentally by calculating the amount of Hydrogen gas released during reaction of same metal with different acids during a fixed time duration.

Experimental data reveals that the rate of reaction depends upon the reactivity of the acid used.

2. Effect of Metal Reactants:

a) The order of reaction for various metals;

Magnesium > Zinc > Iron > Lead > Copper

b)

Metals which have fewer electrons in the valence shell, it will react faster and rapidly moves in the hydrochloric acid. When metal doesn’t have enough electrons in the last shell, hydrochloric or other substance will try to fit in to the last shell and make valence electrons in the last shell. When element forms its own compound with full electrons in valence shell.

Also, the metals that exist as stable compounds naturally and do not decompose easily are more reactive.

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