2:25 PM instructure-uploads-2.s3.amazonaws.com Ultra-me 7496 . A. Describe an in

Question

2:25 PM instructure-uploads-2.s3.amazonaws.com Ultra-me 7496 . A. Describe an instance when a cell would need to B Cells synthesize many different types of signals and deliver them in various ways. Two main types of signals are signals. common and signals are the most c. Shown below are the 4 most common forms of signaling. Match each one of the below figures with the appropriate "form Direct Long Distance Local/Synaptic Local/Paracrine D. List the various chemical signal molecules discussed in the book (e.g. growth factors). I counted about 9 or 10. IV. Signal Reception (Detection) A. Signal reception requires a ligand (signal) and a receptor protein. receptor proteins; There are two general types of and B. List the three types of membrane receptor proteins.

Explanation / Answer

A. When an individual wants to carry out a particular job, it's body does the work using its cells, in a multicellular organism. The process is referred to as cell communication. Eg:- if the human body needs to release thyroxine, then the hypothalamus will release TSH. This hormone will direct the thyroid gland to stimulate thyroxine and tri iodo thyronine. From here, this thyroxine is released into the bloodstream. Every cell of the body requires this thyroxine hormone for carrying out it's metabolic functions. So, there is a communication channel working between hypothalamus, thyroid gland and body cells.

B. #####It is indeed a very unique question, I must say.

Yes, cells do synthesise signals, in the form of proteins. These are also known as signal peptidases or targetting peptidases. Out of the many signal peptidases synthesised by the cells, all are important. How can one say that which two are the most important? Because a defect in any of the signal synthesised by the cell will lead to some or the other disease.

C. Direct ---- B

Long distance --- D

Local /synapse -- C

Local / Paracrine ---A

D. Various chemical signal molecules are hormones, growth factors, amino acid derivatives (eg:- histamine), other small biomolecules (eg:- ATP), steroids, prostaglandins, gases (NO), photons, damaged DNA, odorants, tastants.

IV..

A. There are two general types of receptor proteins; G- protein coupled receptor and enzyme linked.

B. Three types of membrane receptor proteins are G-protein coupled receptor protein, enzyme linked and ion channel receptor protein.

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