When an atom absorbs an X-ray of sufficient energy, one of its 2s electrons may

Question

When an atom absorbs an X-ray of sufficient energy, one of its 2s electrons may be emitted, creating a hole that can be spontaneously filled when an electron from a higher-enemy orbital (a 2p, for example) falls into it. A photon of electromagnetic radiation with an energy that matches the energy lost in the 2p rightarrow 2s transition is emitted. Predict how the wavelengths of 2p rightarrow 2s photons would differ between different elements in the fourth row of the periodic table. Wavelengths would increase from left to right across the row. Wavelengths would decrease from left to right across toe row. Wavelengths would stay about the same from left to right across the row. Predict how the wavelengths of 2p rightarrow 2s photons would differ between different elements in the some column (for example, between the noble gates from Ne to Rn). Wavelength would increase from top to bottom in the same column. Wavelengths would decrease from top to bottom in the same column. Wavelengths would stay about the same from top to bottom in too same column.

Explanation / Answer

(a) Across a period the size of atoms will decrease which cause the shells moving closer to the nucleus making more attraction on them. SO, the energy difference between 2p and 2s orbitals will increase across a period.

As the energy increases their wavelength will decrease across a period because energy and wavelength are inversely related.

So, wave length would decrease from left to right across a period.

(b) Ina group from top to bottom the size of the atoms will increase which cause the shells moving farther from nucleus making less attraction on them by nucleus. SO, the energy diffrence between 2p and 2s orbitals will decrease from top to bottom in a group.

So, the wavelength of the emitted radiation would increase from top to bottom in a group.

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