You have measured the rates of chemical reaction in two ways. You measured the r

Question

You have measured the rates of chemical reaction in two ways. You measured the rate of the production of a gas (O2) and you have followed the consuption of dichromate ion spectrophotometrically. Below are two reaction. Design an experiment that allows you to measure their rate? Be specific. A visible spectrophotometer cannot be used for either one. A) CH3CH2Br (l) + H2O (l) —> CH3CH2OH (l) + HBr (aq) B) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) —> 2 NOCl (g) 14 You have measured the rates of chemical reactions in two ways. a gas (02) and you have followed the consumption of dichromate-on their rates chromate ion spectrophotmetrically. Below are two ways. You measured the rate of the production of measure their rates? Be specific. A visible reactions. Design an experiment that allows you to you spectrophotometer cannot be used for either one. th consumption ortwo- aion spectrates? a) CH3CH-Br(/)+H2O(/)-> CH3CH2OH(l)+HBr(aq) liquid solutions which b) 2N0(g) + Cl2(g) 2N0cig)

Explanation / Answer

A) Example: prepare a 0.100M solution butyl bromide in water and then measure the concentration at various intervals when it is involved in the following reaction: C4H9Br (l) + H2O (l) C4H9OH (aq) + HCl (aq) average rate = (decrease in concentration butyl bromide)/ (change in time) Since concentration of the reactant decreases over time, final concentration minus the initial will give a negative value.

Average Rate = - [C4H9Br]/ t

We could also look at the rate of appearance of a product. As a product appears, its concentration increases. The rate of appearance is a positive quantity. We can also say the rate of appearance of a product is equal to the rate of disappearance of a reactant. Rate = - [C4H9Br] / t = + [C4H9OH]/ t

B) 2NO(g) + Cl2(g) 2NOCl(g) Rate = [NOCl] /T

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