Could you give an explaination of why it is true or false. _____ The majority of

Question

Could you give an explaination of why it is true or false.

_____ The majority of hydrogen on earth is found in the form of ammonia and various hydrides of sulfur. _____ The production of coal gas (town gas) and liquid coal tar also results in the production of solid coke. _____ A Noble Gas such as xenon cannot form compounds due to its filled outer shell. _____ The Ostwald process produce nitric acid from ammonia. _____ The high temperature decomposition reaction of methane and water will produce molecular hydrogen and either carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. _____ Nitric acid is used for the large-scale industrial production of agricultural fertilizers and chemical explosives. _____ Silicon atoms could bond to form a molecule similar to benzene (C_6H_6). _____ The majority of nitrogen on earth is found chemically bonded in the form of various nitrate salts. _____ A pi-bond to a nitrogen atom should be stronger than a pi-bond to a phosphorous atom. _____ Dried lime mortar (Ca(OH)_2) can harden further at its surface by react

Explanation / Answer

Hydrogen is a trace element in the earth’s atmosphere. Hydrogen forms ammonia with nitrogen and water with oxygen easily. Infact, 70% of the earth is water. Hence, hydrogen exists more as water than as ammonia on earth. Therefore, the statement is flase.

Coke is a fuel with high carbon content and is produced from coal just like coal gas and coal tar. Therefore, the statement is true.

Noble gases are usually inert due to a complete outer shell. However, Xe is large in size and can lose electron(s) from the outer shell due to reduced nuclear attraction and therefore, Xe can react with highly electronegative halogens like fluorine to form compounds like XeF2, XeF4 and XeF6. Therefore, the given statement is fasle.

In Ostwald process, ammonia is oxidized to form nitric oxide which is further oxidized to nitrogen dioxide which is hydrolysed to nitric acid. Therefore, the given statement is true.

The high temperature decomposition of methane splits methane into molecular hydrogen and carbon. Carbon is oxidized by air to form carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. Therefore, the given statement is true.

Nitrate salts are usually used in the preparation of nitrogenous fertilizers. The nitrate salts are hydrolysed to nitric acid in course of the reaction, but nitric acid is not added as the starting material in the production of fertilizes. Hence the statement is partly true. Since nitric acid is one of the intermediates, it appears the statement can be considered true.

The statement is true. Si atoms cannot form a ring like structure like C6H6 due to the large size of Si atoms and steric repulsion among the Si atoms.

Nitrogen is an important element on the earth. In the earth’s crust, nitrogen is usually fixed as nitrate salts and therefore, the statement is true.

The statement is true. This is due to the fact that N-atom is smaller and more electronegative than the P-atom (N occurs above P in the periodic table). Therefore, N-atom forms stronger bonds than P-atoms.

The given statement is true. Ca(OH)2 reacts with atmospheric CO2 to form CaCO3 (limestone). Limestone forms a hard scale-like structure on the surface of Ca(OH)2 which reduces the reactivity of Ca(OH)2.

The H+ cation has 1 proton and no electrons. Therefore, the outer shell of H+ will be empty. Noble gases have completely filled outer shells. Therefore, the statement is false.

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