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1. Selection Term Description Basal factors a. bind to enhancers Activators b. b

ID: 49509 • Letter: 1

Question

1.

Selection

Term

Description

Basal factors

a. bind to enhancers

Activators

b. bind to promoters

Coactivators

c. bind to activators

Locus control region

d. large enzymatic complex found in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells that down-regulates gene expression

RISC

e. influences transcription from multiple genes linked over a large region of DNA

2.

Selection

Term

Description

Gene pool

a. The process in which rare alleles increase in frequency in a new population

Genetic drift

b. The sum total of all alleles carried in all members of a population

Founder effect

c. The proportion of all copies of a gene in a population of a specific type

Evolutionary equilibrium

d. Unpredictable, chance fluctuation in allele frequency that have a neutral effect on fitness

Allele frequency

e. a balance between a new allele and selection against that allele

Selection

Term

Description

Basal factors

a. bind to enhancers

Activators

b. bind to promoters

Coactivators

c. bind to activators

Locus control region

d. large enzymatic complex found in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells that down-regulates gene expression

RISC

e. influences transcription from multiple genes linked over a large region of DNA

Explanation / Answer

1. Basal factor- influences transcription from multiple genes linked over a large region of DNA

Basal factor is term for any protein that respond to activator signal which position RNA polymerase at starting point of protein coding region resulting in transcription of genetic information from DNA followed by translation into proteins.

2. Activators- bind to enhancers

Activator is a transcription factor that increases transcription of genes. Most activators are DNA-binding proteins that bind to enhancers or promoter-proximal elements. eg, catabolite activator protein activates transcription of lac operon.

3. Coactivator- bind to activator

Coactivator is a protein that increases gene transcription by binding to the activators. It is unable to bind to DNA itself.

4. Locus control region- bind to promoter

They are DNA sequence elements that confer high-level, tissue-specific expression to stably integrated transgenes in a position-independent manner

5. RISC- large enzymatic complex found in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells that down-regulates gene expression

RISC (RNA induced silencing complex)- is a multiprotein complex which incorporates one strand of DNA. It is a mechanism of gene silencing in many eukaroytic cells