Calculations Environmental Fundamentals (208) -- Solve the following 4 problems

Question

Calculations Environmental Fundamentals (208) -- Solve the following 4 problems (5 % each): Use next blank page as needed a) pH-What is hydroxide ion concentration [OH^-] in molarity and in [mg/L] of tomato juice having a ph of 4.1? 86-proof whiskey contains 43% ethyl alcohol (CH_3CH_2OH) by volume (density = 0.79 kg/L) What is the concentration of ethyl alcohol (in mg/L) and the theoretical oxygen demand for whiskey? Resource usage-The world reserves of coal are 1,000 billion tons, and current usage is about 8 billion tons per year with exponential growth rate of 1.58 How long would it take the current reserves? Phase Change Use Phase Triangle to being

Explanation / Answer

a] pH + pOH = 14

pOH = 9.9 = -log [OH-]

[OH-] = 1.258*10^-10 M

In mg/L --> mulitply by 1000*17 ---> 2.14*10^-6 mg/L

b] d = 0.79 kg /L

volume of ethyl alochol = 430 ml

mass = 0.79*430*10^-3 = 0.3397 Kg = 339.7 gms

Volume is 1 L

Concentration = 339.7*1000 / 1 = 339700 mg /L

c] A = Pe^rt

A = 1000 billion tons

P = 8 billion tons

r = rate ; t =time

t = 3.2188 years

d] i didnt know how to do

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