Give reasons for 5 stars! Concern over the loss of local biodiversity has increa

Question

Give reasons for 5 stars!

Concern over the loss of local biodiversity has increased the urgency of understanding its consequences for ecosystem function in many habitats. Researchers compared the effect of intertidal seaweed species richness (monoculture vs. polyculture) and species identity (Cladophora, Endocladia, Mastocarpus, and Pelvetiopsis) on biomass accumulation in a mesocosm experiment. At the end of the experiment, they compared the proportional change in biomass among treatment groups using analysis of variance (richness: F1,141 = 0.001, p = 0.870; identity: F3,141 = 57.4, p < 0.001; interaction: F3,141 = 3.84, p = 0.024). Answer the following questions:

2. What is/are the dependent variable(s)?

A) monoculture/polyculture

B) species identity

C) both A and B

D) change in biomass

3. What is/are the null hypothesis/hypotheses for this experiment?

A) equal mean biomass in the monocultures and polycultures

B) equal mean biomass in each species group

C) both A and B

D) equal variances in every group

4. What statistical test(s) would be most appropriate for evaluating these hypotheses?

A) chi-square

B) a single one-way ANOVA

C) multiple one-way ANOVAs

D) a single two-way ANOVA

5. Why is this type of analysis best for these data?

A) multiple independent variables

B) multiple dependent variables

C) both A and B

D) none of the above

Explanation / Answer

Answer 2: Correct option is (D) : change in biomass. This is Because change is biomass is dependent on the type of culture and species identity, which are independent variables. In an experiment, what we can manipulate is the independent variable (in this case - type of culture & species) and the ultimate outcome (change in biomass) is the dependent variable. Answer 3: Correct option is (C) : both A & B. This is because in null hypothesis it is hypothesised that independent variables have no effect on dependent variable, and outcome will be same regardless of change in inputs. Which means biomass will be same regardless of type of culture/species. Answer 4: Correct option is (D) a single two way ANOVA. This is Because two way ANOVA checks the effect of two different independent variables on a single dependent variable. Answer 5: Correct option is (A) : multiple independent variables. We have two independent variables : type of culture used and species identity.

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