The standard free energy that is required for the sodium-potassium ATPase to pom

Question

The standard free energy that is required for the sodium-potassium ATPase to pomp two K^+ ions into the cell and three Na^+ ions is +43 8 kj/mol but the standard free energy change of hydrolysis of ATP is only -32 kJ/mol This apparent imbalance of free energy can be accounted for became the free energy provided from the hydrolysis of one ATP is sufficient under physiological conditions the membrane potential favours the flow of ions the movement of Na^+ ions is down the concentration gradient more than one ATP is hydrolyzed the movement of K^+ ions is down the concentration gradient

Explanation / Answer

Part A

the standard free energy that is required for the sodium-potassium ATPase to pump two K+ ions innto the cell and three Na+ ions is +43.8 kJ/mol, but the standard free energy change of hydrolysis of ATP is only -32 kJ/mol. This apparent imbalance of free energy can be accounted for because,

- the movement of Na+ ions is down the concentration gradient

- the movement of K+ ions is down the concentration gradient

this is called active transport.

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