When CuSO_4. is mixed with NH_3, the following equilibrium is established (3) Cu

Question

When CuSO_4. is mixed with NH_3, the following equilibrium is established (3) Cu^2+ (aq) + 4NH_3 (aq) rightwardsharpoonoverleftwardsharpoon [Cu(NH_3)_4]^2+ (aq) [Cu (NH_3)_4]^2+ (aq) is dark blue in color a) Which direction did the equilibrium shift when NH_3 was added to CuSO_4? _______ Describe the type of stress applied to the equilibrium in equation (3) and how the observed shift relieves this that stress. Be specific in your answer. b) which direction did the equilibrium shift when HCI was added? ________ Describe the type of stress this applied to the equilibrium in equation (3) and how the observed shift relieves that stress. Be specific in your answer.

Explanation / Answer

(a) When concentration of NH3 increases, and the equilibrium is disturbed. The system will respond by making more product. In this case, a net forward reaction will partially offset the increased NH3 concentration. The net forward reaction brings the system to a new state of equilibrium. When equilibrium is reestablished, more [Cu(NH3)4]2+ will be present than there was before the NH3 was added. Thus, the position of equilibrium has shifted to the right.

(b) Now when HCl is added to ammonia it reacts and forms NH4Cl or NH4+(aq)andCl-(aq)
which reduces the amount of NH3 in the system.The system will respond by making more NH3. In this case, a net reverse reaction will partially offset the decreased NH3 concentration. The net reverse reaction brings the system to a new state of equilibrium. When equilibrium is reestablished, less [Cu(NH3)4]2+ will be present than there was before HCl is added. Thus, the position of equilibrium has shifted to the left.

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