The concentration of NaOH is 0.297 M 24.51 DROPS/ML Can someone please help me w

Question

The concentration of NaOH is 0.297 M

24.51 DROPS/ML

Can someone please help me with my lab questions?

I have graphed Question 2 but I need a help with the rest. It is due Thursday, March 30, 2017.

Thanks

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Experiment 10 Titration Curves OUTCOMES After completing this experiment, the student should be able to generate a titration curve for an acid-base reaction. identify if an unknown a is weak or strong and monoprotic or polyprotic calculate initial concentrations of monoprotic acids from titration data calculate Ka values of weak acids from titration data DISCUSSION Titration is a technique used in analytical chemistry to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. When the unknown solution is a weak acid or base, the Ka or Kb of the acid or base can also be calculated. Titration involves the slow addition of one solution of known concentration (the titrant) to a known volume of another solution whose concentration is unknown. The addition continues until the reaction reaches a desired level. In an acid-base titration, the desired level is when the amounts of acid and base are stoichiometrically equivalent to each other (the equivalence point). This can be determined using an appropriate acid-base indicator or by monitoring the pH over the course of the addition of titrant and analyzing the resulting titration curve A titration curve is a graph of pH vs. the volume of titrant added. When the titrant is a strong base, the pH will gradually increase until just before the equivalence point is reached. At the equivalence point, the pH will jump drastically and then gradually level off again as addition of titrant continues, resulting in an "S"-shaped curve (Figure 1). The number of jumps observed in the titration curve corresponds to the number of protons that can be removed from the acid being titrated and is therefore indicative of the type of acid in the unknown solution. A similar curve is observed when the titrant is a strong acid being added to an unknown solution of base; the major difference being that the pH decreases as the titrant is added In order to determine the concentration of the unknown acid or base, the volume of titrant required to reach the equivalence point must be determined. Because it is situated at the part of the titration curve where the concavity changes, the equivalence point can be calculated by finding the maximum point in the graph of the first derivative of the pH. The volume to reach the maximum derivative is the same as the volume of titrant needed for the equivalence point. Knowledge of the volume and concentration of the titrant as well as the initial volume of the unknown acid or base allows for the calculation of the unknown concentration

Explanation / Answer

Q2.-

Graph is already shown

Q3.

unkown C, must be strong acid + strong base tritration, starting with acid due to the low pH, and the high pH difference at pH = 7 neutralization point

for unkown B, this is weak acid + strong base titration, there is low pH, meaning it is an acid, and there is a buffer region between the initial point and equivalence point, meaning it is a weak acid

Q4.

Volume required for Unkown B --> approx 11 mL (sharp ph change as volume is added)

Volume required for Unkown C --> approx 10 mL (sharp ph change as volume is added)

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