Paper Chromatography experiment. 1. Which solvent was most effective in bringing

Question

Paper Chromatography experiment.

1. Which solvent was most effective in bringing out more colors?

2. Which solvent was most effective in moving colors up the coffee filter?

3. What can you conclude about the solvents used and their reaction with the markers?

material

Result with water

Result with alcohol

Result with vinegar

Result with ammonia

blue ballpoint pen

*

*

*

*

washable blue ink

*

*

*

*

permanent blue ink

*

*

*

*

black ink

*

*

*

*

blue-black ink

*

*

*

*

green ink

*

*

*

*

red ink

*

*

*

*

red food coloring

*

*

*

*

mixture of yellow and blue food coloring

*

*

*

*

green food coloring

*

*

*

*

material

Result with water

Result with alcohol

Result with vinegar

Result with ammonia

blue ballpoint pen

*

*

*

*

washable blue ink

*

*

*

*

permanent blue ink

*

*

*

*

black ink

*

*

*

*

blue-black ink

*

*

*

*

green ink

*

*

*

*

red ink

*

*

*

*

red food coloring

*

*

*

*

mixture of yellow and blue food coloring

*

*

*

*

green food coloring

*

*

*

*

Explanation / Answer

1. In Paper chromatography, choice of solvent depends upon the solubility of the mixture which have to be seperated. Commonly used solvents are water, alcohol or mixture of both. Colours are usually water soluble except permanent ink which is soluble in organic solvent like alcohol. So, water will be the most appropriate solvent for separation of colours.

2. Coffee filter is used as stationary phase in paper chromatography instead of filter paper because it is relatively cheap. Water is used as solvent when colours are to be separated. Water rises up the coffee filter because of its capillary action.

3.

material

Result with water

Result with alcohol

Result with vinegar

Result with ammonia

blue ballpoint pen

No Separation

Separation (as ink is dissolved in organic solvent)

washable blue ink

Separation(as ink is water soluble)

*

*

permanent blue ink

no separation

*

*

black ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

blue-black ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

green ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

red ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

red food coloring

Separation

No separation

*

*

mixture of yellow and blue food coloring

Separation

*No separation

*

*

green food coloring

Separation

No separation

*

*

material

Result with water

Result with alcohol

Result with vinegar

Result with ammonia

blue ballpoint pen

No Separation

Separation (as ink is dissolved in organic solvent)

-

washable blue ink

Separation(as ink is water soluble)

No separation

*

*

permanent blue ink

no separation

Separation(permanent ink is soluble in organic solvent)

*

*

black ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

blue-black ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

green ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

red ink

Separation

No separation

*

*

red food coloring

Separation

No separation

*

*

mixture of yellow and blue food coloring

Separation

*No separation

*

*

green food coloring

Separation

No separation

*

*

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